Nervous System Overview Quiz

The nervous system controls, regulates, and coordinates bodily functions; it's responsible for higher mental functions and emotional expression, maintaining homeostasis, and controlling muscle and gland activity.

The gathered information from millions of sensory receptors monitoring changes inside and outside the body.

The nervous system's process of interpreting sensory input and deciding on a response.

The activation of muscles or glands by the nervous system in response to integration.

The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord, and acts as the integrating and command center, interpreting sensory information and sending instructions.

Changes detected by sensory receptors.

The brain and spinal cord occupy the dorsal body cavity.

The part of the central nervous system located atop the brain stem, enclosed by the cerebral hemispheres.

A relay station for sensory signals going to the sensory cortex.

The brain region controlling body temperature, water balance, and metabolism.

Collective name for the brain's upper, most superior parts.

Brain region forming the roof of the third ventricle.

A key part of the epithalamus.

An important part of the epithalamus

All parts of the nervous system outside the central nervous system (CNS), including nerves extending from the spinal cord and brain.

Part of the PNS that regulates involuntary bodily functions, like digestion and heartbeat.

Part of the autonomic nervous system that stimulates "fight-or-flight" responses.

Part of the autonomic nervous system that stimulates "rest-and-digest" responses.

Nerves that carry impulses to and from the spinal cord.

Nerves that carry impulses to and from the brain.

Part of the PNS that carries impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS.

Sensory fibers that deliver impulses from skin, skeletal muscles, and joints to the CNS.

Sensory fibers that transmit impulses from internal organs to the CNS.

Supporting cells that form myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the PNS.

Protective, cushioning cells for peripheral neuron cell bodies.

Supporting cells in the CNS that are not able to transmit nerve impulses (also called glial cells).

A type of neuroglia in the CNS that plays various supporting roles.

Approximately the size of a thumb in diameter and 3 inches long.

The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata, all part of the brain stem.

Connects the brainstem to higher brain regions.

Controls essential breathing functions.

Controls heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing.

A diffuse mass of gray matter with wide-ranging functions related to motor control.

Two-way conduction pathway between brain and body, major reflex center.

Extends from the skull's foramen magnum to the lumbar region.

Neurons are specialized cells that transmit nerve impulses. They have a cell body containing organelles and are structurally diverse.

Neurons are categorized by the number of processes (axons and dendrites) extending from their cell body. These include multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar neurons.

A fatty material that insulates neuron fibers, speeding up nerve impulse transmission.

Carries nerve impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system (CNS).

Carries nerve impulses from the central nervous system (CNS) to muscles or glands.

Connects sensory and motor neurons in neural pathways

Rough endoplasmic reticulum in neuron cell bodies involved in protein synthesis.

Intermediate filaments that help maintain the shape of the neuron cell body.

Junction where an impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another.

Outer region of the cerebrum, responsible for higher-level functions.

Inner part of the cerebrum, comprised of nerve fibers carrying impulses.

Groups of gray matter involved in regulating voluntary movements.

A large, cauliflower-like structure located under the occipital lobe of the cerebrum, with two hemispheres and a convoluted surface.

Spinal roots resemble a butterfly or the letter "H" in cross-section, with dorsal and ventral horns.

Gray matter surrounds the spinal cord's central canal, which contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

The Peripheral Nervous System is composed of nerves and ganglia (collections of nerve cell bodies).

A delicate connective tissue sheath surrounding individual nerve fibers.

A coarser connective tissue wrapping groups of nerve fibers (fascicles).

A tough fibrous sheath that bundles fascicles together to form the nerve.

12 pairs of nerves primarily serving the head and neck, with some extending to the thorax and abdomen (primarily Vagus).

Some cranial nerves are purely sensory in function, like the Optic, Olfactory, and Vestibulocochlear.

Each spinal nerve divides into Dorsal and Ventral Rami; these rami contain both sensory and motor fibers.