Nervous System Overview Quiz

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

Control all motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive, and behavioral activities

<p>Receiving signals from other neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sending signals to other neurons or target cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clusters of nerve cell bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A cluster of nerve cell bodies that have the same function</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supporting, protecting, and nourishing neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transmit messages between neurons or target tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct and Indirect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Norepinephrine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebrum, Cerebellum, and Brain Stem</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebrum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coordination of movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brain stem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relaying signals between the cerebellum and cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dura mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arachnoid mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A clear and colorless fluid that circulates around the brain and spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the ventricles of the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of cerebrospinal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect the brain from harmful substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relaying messages between the brain and body and controlling reflexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tracts that carry sensory information from the body to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect the spinal cord and provide support for the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cranial nerves and spinal nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To control voluntary muscle movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To regulate involuntary bodily functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sympathetic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parasympathetic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To control voluntary muscle movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscle spasticity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coordination of movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To plan and coordinate movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parkinson's disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To relay sensory information to the cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cerebral cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computed tomography (CT) scanning, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electroencephalography (EEG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create detailed images of the brain's anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide detailed images of soft tissue structures in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To record electrical activity in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain, seizures, dizziness, visual disturbances, weakness, and abnormal sensations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the two main divisions of the nervous system. It includes the brain and spinal cord.

The other main division of the nervous system, comprising all nerves branching out from the CNS.

The basic functional unit of the nervous system. It has dendrites and an axon.

Branch-like structures on a neuron that receive signals.

A long projection of a neuron that sends signals.

Clusters of neuron cell bodies in the nervous system.

Cells that support, protect, and nourish neurons.

Chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons or from neurons to other cells.

Neurotransmitter receptors directly linked to ion channels, allowing rapid responses.

Neurotransmitter receptors that affect metabolic processes, resulting in slower responses.

Largest part of the brain, responsible for higher-level functions.

Part of the brain responsible for motor coordination and balance.

Connects the brain to the spinal cord, controlling basic life functions.

A stroke, interruption of blood flow to the brain.

Type of stroke caused by a blocked blood vessel.

Type of stroke caused by a ruptured blood vessel.

Connects the brain to the body; responsible for reflexes and relaying signals.

Protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

Fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and support.

Protective mechanism that regulates the passage of substances into the brain.

Nerves originating from the brain, controlling various functions.

Nerves emanating from the spinal cord.

Part of the peripheral nervous system controlling voluntary movements.

Part of the peripheral nervous system regulating involuntary bodily functions.

The nervous system controls all motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive, and behavioral activities of the body.

Neurons are the basic functional units of the brain, responsible for transmitting signals throughout the nervous system.

Dendrites are branch-like structures on a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.

An axon is a long projection of a neuron that sends signals to other neurons or cells.

Ganglia or nuclei are clusters of nerve cell bodies found in the nervous system.

Neuroglial cells support, protect, and nourish neurons.

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons or from neurons to other cells.

Direct receptors are neurotransmitter receptors that are directly linked to ion channels. When activated, they allow ions to pass through, resulting in rapid responses.

Indirect receptors are neurotransmitter receptors that affect metabolic processes within a cell. They take time to produce their effects.

The three main parts of the brain are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem.

The cerebrum is responsible for higher-level functions such as thinking, reasoning, memory, and language.

The cerebellum is responsible for motor coordination, balance, and posture.

The brainstem connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls basic life functions such as breathing, heart rate, and sleep-wake cycles.

The meninges are three layers of protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear fluid that circulates around the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and support.

The blood-brain barrier is a protective mechanism that regulates the passage of substances into the brain.

Cranial nerves are nerves that originate from the brain, controlling various functions such as vision, hearing, taste, and smell.

Spinal nerves are nerves that emanate from the spinal cord, carrying signals to and from the body.

The somatic nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary movements.

The autonomic nervous system is the part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing.

The sympathetic nervous system is the part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for 'fight-or-flight' responses.

The parasympathetic nervous system is the part of the autonomic nervous system that promotes 'rest-and-digest' functions.

The motor cortex controls voluntary movements of the body through a two-neuron pathway: upper motor neurons and lower motor neurons.

Upper motor neurons originate in the cerebral cortex or brainstem, while lower motor neurons are located in the spinal cord or cranial nerve nuclei.

The cerebellum coordinates, balances, and times all muscular movements that originate in the motor centers of the cerebral cortex.

The basal ganglia play a key role in planning and coordinating motor movements and posture.

The sensory system integrates all sensory impulses, except olfaction, and allows conscious awareness of pain, temperature, touch, movement, and object recognition.

Sensory losses can occur due to lesions in the posterior columns of the spinal cord, the center of the spinal cord, or the posterior spinal nerve roots.

A CT scan uses X-rays to create cross-sectional images of the brain, allowing visualization of brain structures.

A PET scan uses radioactive substances to create images of brain activity.

An MRI scan uses magnetic fields to create detailed images of brain structures and tissues.