Nervous System Organization Quiz

Central Nervous System; includes the brain and spinal cord, located within the skull and vertebral column.

Peripheral Nervous System; neural tissue outside the central nervous system.

Part of the CNS; responsible for high-level functions like memory, learning, and intelligence.

Part of the CNS; a long tube of neural tissue connecting the brain to the rest of the body.

Parts of the PNS that transmit signals.

Peripheral nerves originating from the brain.

Peripheral nerves that originate from the spinal cord.

Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS.

Structures that detect stimuli like sight, smell, etc.

An automatic, involuntary movement/response to a stimulus.

The spinal cord is divided into 31 segments corresponding to the spinal nerves.

The sensory input portion of a spinal nerve.

The motor output portion of a spinal nerve.

Mixed nerves carrying both sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent) signals.

The area of skin monitored by a single spinal nerve segment; receiving sensory information.

Controls voluntary body movements and sensation.

A nerve cell that transmits signals from the brain to muscles or glands.

Sensory input; signals sent to the CNS (central nervous system).

A cluster of neuron cell bodies outside the central nervous system (CNS).

Bundles of axons that transmit information to and from the central nervous system.

Part of the peripheral nervous system that carries sensory information to the CNS.

Part of the peripheral nervous system that carries motor commands from the CNS to muscles and glands.

Part of the efferent system that controls voluntary movement of skeletal muscles.

Part of the efferent system that controls involuntary actions like heart rate and digestion.

Part of the autonomic nervous system, often associated with 'fight or flight' response.

Part of the autonomic nervous system, often associated with 'rest and digest' response.

In the CNS, areas containing neuron cell bodies.

In the CNS, areas containing bundles of axons.

Collections of neuron cell bodies inside the CNS.

Areas in the CNS that coordinate specific functions.

Organized tracts linking different areas in the CNS.

Bundles of axons with a common origin and destination.

Neurons in the autonomic system that control smooth and cardiac muscle.

A complex network of neurons within the digestive tract, controlling its functions.

A condition caused by blocked cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation, resulting in increased pressure and ventricle enlargement, potentially damaging neural tissue.

Nerve cell that carries signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system (CNS).

Neurons are categorized into motor (efferent), sensory (afferent), and interneurons (association neurons).

Nerve cell that transmits signals within the CNS. Connects sensory and motor neurons.

Nerve cell that controls involuntary actions like heart rate and digestion.

Located primarily in the central nervous system (CNS), connecting other nerve cells and involved in information processing.

Part of the adult brain, containing the cerebral hemispheres (cerebrum).

Support cells in the nervous system that assist neurons in various functions beyond electrical signal conduction; include different types based on location.

Part of the adult brain that includes the thalamus and hypothalamus.

Electrically active cells that process and transmit information via electrical signals.

Glial cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), important for myelin sheath formation.

Part of the adult brain, known as the midbrain.

Part of the adult brain; contains the pons and cerebellum.

Glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), maintaining the chemical environment around neurons.

Part of the adult brain, the medulla oblongata, controls vital life functions.

Fluid that cushions and provides buoyancy to the brain and spinal cord; its circulation must be open.

White matter tracts transmitting information between the brain and spinal cord.

Brain regions; integrate and process information.

Cells that myelinate axons and dendrites in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Glial cells that myelinate axons in the central nervous system (CNS).

Largest glial cells in the CNS; support, regulate interstitial fluid, and form the blood-brain barrier.

Phagocytic glial cells in the CNS that remove debris and pathogens.

A protective barrier that isolates neural tissue from the general circulation, restricting the passage of certain substances.

Gaps in the myelin sheath of axons, crucial for saltatory conduction.

Axons covered with a myelin sheath, increasing the speed of impulse transmission.

Axons without a myelin sheath, transmitting impulses more slowly.