Med Surg Mod 4 Exam

Which of the following is the primary function of the myelin sheath that surrounds the axon of a neuron?

Which of the following accurately describes the role of the thalamus within the diencephalon?

A patient exhibits paralysis in the lower extremities but retains full motor function in the upper body. Which spinal nerve region is most likely affected?

Which of the following is the most accurate description of the withdrawal reflex?

A patient reports difficulty understanding spoken language following a stroke. Which area of the brain is most likely affected?

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for transmitting both taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue and providing parasympathetic innervation to the parotid salivary gland?

During a stressful situation, which physiological response is primarily mediated by the sympathetic nervous system?

Which of the following Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores indicates a moderate head injury?

What key finding in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) would strongly suggest bacterial meningitis rather than viral meningitis?

A patient with suspected meningitis exhibits pain and spasm of the hamstring when the hip is flexed to 90 degrees and the knee is extended. This finding is indicative of which sign?

Which of the following is the most common cause of encephalitis?

A patient with encephalitis develops edema and necrosis in the temporal lobes. This complication poses the greatest risk for:

Which of the following nursing interventions is most important for a patient with increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?

During which phase of a migraine headache might a patient experience visual disturbances such as seeing flashing lights or zigzag patterns?

During the assessment of a patient experiencing a headache, which question from the nurse best utilizes the 'WHATS UP' mnemonic to gather comprehensive data?

Automatisms, such as lip smacking or chewing motions, are a classic symptom of which type of seizure?

A patient who experienced a tonic-clonic seizure is in the postictal phase. Which nursing intervention is most important?

Decerebrate posturing, characterized by extension of the arms and legs, indicates damage to which part of the brain?

Which of the following is a primary goal when managing a patient with a traumatic brain injury (TBI)?

A patient with a subdural hematoma exhibits one-sided paralysis of extraocular eye movement, extremity weakness, and decreasing level of consciousness. These findings are most directly related to:

Which of the following statements is correct regarding primary brain tumors?

Which of the following is the most common initial symptom associated with brain tumors?

After intracranial surgery for tumor removal, a patient develops a clear fluid leak from the incision site. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action?

A patient with a herniated lumbar disc reports bowel and bladder incontinence. Which action should the nurse take first?

Which of the following best describes the purpose of logrolling a patient following spinal surgery?

A patient with a spinal cord injury above the T6 level develops a sudden onset of severe headache, hypertension, and bradycardia. Which complication is most likely occurring?

Which intervention is a priority for a patient experiencing autonomic dysreflexia?

A patient with a spinal cord injury at the C4 level is at high risk for:

Which of the following is important to remember about dementia?

Stress, pain, and electrolyte imbalances are all potential etiologies for which of the following conditions?

Which of the following is a key characteristic of Parkinson's disease?

What assessment finding is most indicative of Huntington's disease?

What is the primary focus of nursing care for a patient with Alzheimer's disease?

Which of the following is a key difference between a transient ischemic attack (TIA) and a stroke (CVA)?

The acronym FAST is used to help people remember the warning signs of stroke. What does the 'F' in FAST stand for?

A patient is admitted with expressive aphasia following a stroke. What does this condition primarily affect?

Which of the following is the MOST important therapeutic measure for a patient experiencing an acute ischemic stroke?

In multiple sclerosis (MS), what process leads to the disruption of nerve impulse transmission?

A patient with myasthenia gravis (MG) experiences sudden muscle weakness, difficulty breathing, and dysphagia. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

A patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is experiencing increasing difficulty communicating. Which intervention is MOST important to include in the plan of care?

Which of the following is a key characteristic of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)?

A patient reports sudden, intense, and recurring pain in the cheek and jaw that is triggered by touch or chewing. Which condition is most likely present?

Which cranial nerve is affected in Bell's palsy, leading to unilateral facial paralysis?

A patient is diagnosed with presbyopia. What change in vision should the nurse expect the patient to report?

What is the primary purpose of using the Snellen chart?

A patient presents with conjunctival redness, crusty exudate, and itching in both eyes. Which condition is most likely?

When shining a light into a patient's right pupil, the left pupil also constricts. What is this response called?

A patient with a spinal injury arrives in the emergency department. Which action should the nurse avoid until the spine is cleared?

What is the primary characteristic of expressive aphasia?

When caring for a patient with expressive aphasia, which approach is most appropriate regarding closed-ended questions?

A patient with expressive aphasia substitutes the word 'sky' for 'dish'. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?

A patient with expressive aphasia becomes restless. What initial nursing intervention is most appropriate?

What is the primary characteristic of receptive aphasia?

What is a crucial consideration when providing care to a patient with receptive aphasia?

Before performing an otic irrigation, what is the nurse's priority assessment?

A patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has difficulty swallowing. What equipment should the nurse ensure is available at the bedside?

During a neurological assessment using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), a patient opens their eyes spontaneously. What score should the nurse assign for this?

A patient with a C6 spinal cord injury is showing signs of autonomic dysreflexia. What is the priority nursing action?

Which of the following is considered a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke?

Within what timeframe after the onset of stroke symptoms should tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) ideally be administered?

What finding indicates a positive Romberg's test?

What is an early sign that could indicate increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?

During a tonic-clonic seizure, which assessment is crucial for the nurse to document?

Which of the following is a warning sign of a possible stroke?

A stroke patient laughs when told a sad story. What is the most likely cause of this behavior?

What is the key characteristic of nystagmus?

A patient with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) reports a severe and worsening headache. What is the nurse's priority action?

A nurse observes blood-tinged drainage with a yellowish ring around it on the dressing of a patient who had intracranial surgery. What should the nurse do?

Which of the following is often an early sign of Alzheimer's disease?

When caring for a patient at risk for aspiration, which nursing intervention is most important?

Which of the following is a strategy when feeding a patient who has difficulty swallowing?

In patients with macular degeneration, what is the most common initial finding?

A patient is exhibiting signs and symptoms of Cushing's Triad. Which vital sign changes would the nurse expect to see?

Which intervention can a nurse implement to help prevent complications in patients who have had a recent exacerbation of a chronic condition?

A patient experiencing a recent Bell's palsy exacerbation is likely to be prescribed which medication?

What medication is often prescribed post TIA to prevent the patient from having a future stroke?

What is the most important education as the nurse, to provide to your patients to prevent continuing vision loss?

Which reflex involves constriction of the contralateral pupil when light is shone into one eye?

What is the term for difficulty in verbally communicating or the inability to communicate with others?

What is the appropriate nursing intervention when a patient with expressive aphasia substitutes incorrect words?

A patient with a spinal cord injury at C6 exhibits signs of autonomic dysreflexia. What is a priority nursing intervention?

Which of the following represents a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke?

A patient taking care of patient who is showing a severe headache should do what?

What is an early sign of Alzheimer's disease?

When trying to prevent aspiration, what are some interventions should the nurse take.

If a patient has a black spot in their visual field they most likely have?

The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client diagnosed with Bell's Palsy regarding medication therapy. Which of the following medications should the nurse include in the teaching?