40 Questions
What are the two major parts or subdivisions of the Nervous System?
The Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
What forms the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?
Cranial, spinal, and autonomic nerves and their ganglia
How many pairs of Cranial Nerves are found in the Peripheral Nervous System?
12 pairs
What is the function of Somatic motor fibers in the Peripheral Nervous System?
Terminate in skeletal muscles
What is the function of Autonomic fibers in the Peripheral Nervous System?
Innervate cardiac, smooth muscle and glands
What is the term for the termination of the somatic fibers in the skeletal muscle?
Motor end plate
How many pairs of Spinal Nerves are found in the Peripheral Nervous System?
31 pairs
What is the function of the dorsal ramus of the spinal nerve?
Supplies sensory innervation to the skin over the spine
Which part of the central nervous system is responsible for posture, balance, and coordination of voluntary motor activity?
Cerebellum
What is the function of the brain stem?
Basic body functions such as breathing, heart rate, and sleep
What is the main function of the spinal cord?
To convey information between neurons and peripheral structures
What is the structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres?
Corpus callosum
What is the function of the gray matter in the central nervous system?
To contain primarily neuron cell bodies
What is the term for a bundle of axons that travel together in the central nervous system?
Tract
Where does the spinal cord end?
At the lower border of the 1st lumbar vertebrae
What is the function of the white matter in the central nervous system?
To convey information away from the cell body
In the lower cervical to upper thoracic region, what do the ventral rami form?
The brachial plexus
What is the primary function of the CNS?
To integrate and control the entire nervous system
What type of neurons convey information from peripheral structures to the CNS?
Afferent neurons
In the mid-lumbar to sacral regions, what do the ventral rami form?
The lumbosacral plexus
What is the function of the somatic motor system?
To transmit information from the brain to skeletal muscles
What type of neurons connect only with other neurons?
Interneurons
What is the function of the autonomic system?
To provide bidirectional communication between the brain and internal organs
What type of neurons transmit information from the CNS to peripheral structures?
Efferent neurons
What is the function of relay circuits?
To transmit nerve impulses from sensory organs to the brain
What is the term used to describe a series of two or many neurons that work together to transmit impulses?
Functional path
What are the bundles of axons in a functional path called?
Tracts
What are the three membranes that support and protect the CNS?
Dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater
What is the term used to describe inflammation of the meningeal membranes?
Meningitis
What are the primary symptoms of meningitis in adults?
Neck stiffness, headache, and fever
What are the three layers of meninges from external to internal?
Dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater
What is the term used to describe the opening in the base of the skull where the brain and spinal cord are continuous?
Foramen magnum
What is the term used to describe groups of cell bodies in the central nervous system?
Nuclei
What is the main function of glial cells in the nervous system?
To support and protect nervous tissues
What is the basic structure and functional unit of the nervous system?
Neuron
What is the function of the axon in a neuron?
To carry impulses away from the cell body
What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?
To carry impulses towards the cell body
What type of circuit conveys impulses that result in an involuntary response?
Reflex circuit
What is the role of the meninges in the nervous system?
To protect the brain and spinal cord
What is the function of neurons in the nervous system?
To receive, process, and transmit information
This course covers the basics of the nervous system, including its components, functions, and anatomical basis of neurological disorders. Students will learn to identify and define the different parts of the nervous system.
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