Nervous System Introduction

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What are the two major parts or subdivisions of the Nervous System?

The Motor and Sensory Nervous System

The Cranial and Spinal Nervous System

The Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) (correct)

The Autonomic and Somatic Nervous System

What forms the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

Cardiac and smooth muscles

Cranial, spinal, and autonomic nerves and their ganglia (correct)

Brain and spinal cord

Skeletal muscles and glands

How many pairs of Cranial Nerves are found in the Peripheral Nervous System?

15 pairs

10 pairs

12 pairs (correct)

20 pairs

What is the function of Somatic motor fibers in the Peripheral Nervous System?

Terminate in skeletal muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Autonomic fibers in the Peripheral Nervous System?

Innervate cardiac, smooth muscle and glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the termination of the somatic fibers in the skeletal muscle?

Motor end plate Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of Spinal Nerves are found in the Peripheral Nervous System?

31 pairs Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the dorsal ramus of the spinal nerve?

Supplies sensory innervation to the skin over the spine Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the central nervous system is responsible for posture, balance, and coordination of voluntary motor activity?

Cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the brain stem?

Basic body functions such as breathing, heart rate, and sleep Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the spinal cord?

To convey information between neurons and peripheral structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres?

Corpus callosum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the gray matter in the central nervous system?

To contain primarily neuron cell bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a bundle of axons that travel together in the central nervous system?

Tract Signup and view all the answers

Where does the spinal cord end?

At the lower border of the 1st lumbar vertebrae Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the white matter in the central nervous system?

To convey information away from the cell body Signup and view all the answers

In the lower cervical to upper thoracic region, what do the ventral rami form?

The brachial plexus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the CNS?

To integrate and control the entire nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What type of neurons convey information from peripheral structures to the CNS?

Afferent neurons Signup and view all the answers

In the mid-lumbar to sacral regions, what do the ventral rami form?

The lumbosacral plexus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the somatic motor system?

To transmit information from the brain to skeletal muscles Signup and view all the answers

What type of neurons connect only with other neurons?

Interneurons Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the autonomic system?

To provide bidirectional communication between the brain and internal organs Signup and view all the answers

What type of neurons transmit information from the CNS to peripheral structures?

Efferent neurons Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of relay circuits?

To transmit nerve impulses from sensory organs to the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a series of two or many neurons that work together to transmit impulses?

Functional path Signup and view all the answers

What are the bundles of axons in a functional path called?

Tracts Signup and view all the answers

What are the three membranes that support and protect the CNS?

Dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe inflammation of the meningeal membranes?

Meningitis Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary symptoms of meningitis in adults?

Neck stiffness, headache, and fever Signup and view all the answers

What are the three layers of meninges from external to internal?

Dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the opening in the base of the skull where the brain and spinal cord are continuous?

Foramen magnum Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe groups of cell bodies in the central nervous system?

Nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of glial cells in the nervous system?

To support and protect nervous tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic structure and functional unit of the nervous system?

Neuron Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the axon in a neuron?

To carry impulses away from the cell body Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

To carry impulses towards the cell body Signup and view all the answers

What type of circuit conveys impulses that result in an involuntary response?

Reflex circuit Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the meninges in the nervous system?

To protect the brain and spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neurons in the nervous system?

To receive, process, and transmit information Signup and view all the answers