12 Questions
What are the 3 main roles of the nervous system?
Integration and communication, maintains homeostasis, acts as control centre of body
Which part of the nervous system is made up of the CNS and PNS?
Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
What are the main functions of neurons in the nervous system?
Generate electrochemical nerve impulses to transmit information
Name the 3 types of neurons based on their function.
Motor (afferent, receptor), Sensory (efferent, effector), Interneurons (connector, association, relay)
How does the myelin sheath benefit the nerve impulse transmission?
Speeds up nerve impulse, protects the axon from damage, insulates against adjacent fibers
What is the role of nodes of Ranvier in nerve transmission?
Increases nerve transmission by allowing nerve impulses to jump between these gaps
Explain why a strong stimulus causes depolarisation of more nerve fibres than a weak stimulus.
A strong stimulus produces more nerve impulses in a given time rate of impulse due to affecting the nerve fibre diameter.
How does the presence of myelin affect the speed of impulse conduction in neurons?
Myelin accelerates impulse conduction by enabling saltatory conduction in myelinated fibres.
Describe the process of continuous conduction in unmyelinated neurons.
Continuous conduction involves depolarisation of one area, opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels, and movement of Na+ ions along the membrane.
Explain how the refractory period prevents the action potential from moving backward.
The refractory period ensures that the sodium channels cannot reopen immediately after an action potential, preventing backward movement.
What is saltatory conduction, and why is it faster than continuous conduction?
Saltatory conduction is when the action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next, speeding up the impulse conduction.
How does the diameter of a nerve fibre affect the speed of impulse conduction?
Thicker nerve fibres allow faster impulse conduction due to less resistance.
Test your knowledge on the roles and parts of the nervous system. Explore the functions of neurons as the structural and functional units of the nervous system.
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