Nervous System: Functions, Aging, and Assessment

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Questions and Answers

Which division of the nervous system is primarily responsible for regulating involuntary functions such as heart rate and digestion?

  • Peripheral nervous system
  • Central nervous system
  • Autonomic nervous system (correct)
  • Somatic nervous system

A decrease in brain volume is a normal physiological change associated with aging.

True (A)

What is one common clinical manifestation of neurological dysfunction related to motor control?

Muscle weakness

Which diagnostic test is most commonly used to visualize the brain and detect structural abnormalities such as tumors or hemorrhages?

<p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Assessing an infant's ability to reach for and grasp objects evaluates their ______ motor skills.

<p>fine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a normal neurologic assessment finding in a healthy newborn?

<p>Positive Babinski reflex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Loss of sensation in the feet is a normal age-related change in the nervous system.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one diagnostic test used to assess nerve and muscle function by measuring the electrical activity in muscles.

<p>Electromyography</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for processing sensory information and initiating voluntary movements?

<p>Brain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following neurological terms with their descriptions:

<p>Aphasia = Difficulty with language Ataxia = Loss of coordination Dysphagia = Difficulty swallowing Paresthesia = Abnormal tingling/numbness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nervous System Function

Controls most body functions; divided into central and peripheral systems.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Brain and spinal cord; integrates and controls the body.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Nerves outside the CNS; connects CNS to limbs and organs.

Aging's Impact on Nervous System

Slower reflexes, decreased sensation, possible cognitive decline.

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Neurological Dysfunction Signs

Weakness, numbness, seizures, cognitive changes.

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Neurological Diagnostic Tests

CT scans, MRIs, EEGs; help diagnose neurological conditions.

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Motor Skill Assessment in Children

Assess posture, balance, coordination, and gait as a child grows.

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Neurologic Assessment Findings

Reflexes, muscle tone, sensory responses; changes indicate developmental issues.

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Study Notes

  • The nervous system has major divisions with differentiated functions.
  • Aging causes common physiological changes affecting the nervous system.
  • Neurological dysfunction presents common clinical manifestations.
  • Basic diagnostic tests are used in treating patients with neurological dysfunction.
  • Assessing motor skills in infants and young children follows a specific process.
  • Neurologic assessment findings, both normal and abnormal, are related to development.

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