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Questions and Answers

What are the two divisions of the nervous system and their components?

The central nervous system- brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system- all other nerves

What are the cells of the nervous system?

Neurones, Schwann cells, neuroglial/glial cells

What are the two properties of neurones?

Irritability and conductivity

What are the key features of a neurone?

<p>Axon, Schwann cells, cell body, nodes of ranvier, dendrites, synaptic end bulb</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Schwann cells do?

<p>Act as an insulator and layer form the myelin sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the nodes of ranvier and what do they do?

<p>Gaps in the myelin sheath and they assist in rapid transmission of action potentials in myelinated neurones</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dendrites?

<p>Form synapses with other dentrites. Provide a large surface area to receive information to pass to the cell body</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the neuroglial cells

<p>Microglia astrocytes oligodendrocrytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of astrocytes?

<p>Main supporting tissue of the CNS and forms part of the blood brain barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do sign synaptic end bulbs contain?

<p>Synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give 3 characteristics of nerve impulses?

<p>Travels in one direction, can only send one message at one speed, frequency of impulses can vary</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the ion channels in the axon?

<p>Voltage gated</p> Signup and view all the answers

How to nerve impulse transmit to the next nerve?

<p>Neurotransmitters stored in vesicles in synaptic end knob, neurotransmitter released into synapse, nearby transmitter received by neighbouring dendrite</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are neurotransmitters made?

<p>In the cell body of neurones</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name four neurotransmitters

<p>Adrenaline, noradrenaline, histamine, dopamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give one example of the importance of nerve impulses in dentistry

<p>Local anaesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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