Questions and Answers
Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve?
The phrenic nerve is a branch from the ______.
cervical plexus
Which connective tissue layer directly surrounds individual axons in a nerve?
Which of the following carries no sensory information?
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A fracture of the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve?
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A patient has lost the ability to taste food. Which nerve may have been damaged?
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Gluteal muscle innervation comes from which plexus?
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Which of the following cranial nerves carries only motor information?
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Dorsal and ventral rami are similar in that they both contain sensory and motor fibers.
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Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?
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Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are _______.
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We can touch our finger to our nose while our eyes are closed in part because we can sense the position and movement of our joints as well as the length of stretch in our muscles. Which of the following receptors is most likely responsible for this ability?
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Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all EXCEPT which of the following?
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Which cranial nerve transmits auditory information?
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The sciatic nerve is a combination of which two nerves?
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If someone spills very hot coffee (200 degrees F) on their skin, they will likely perceive much pain. Which of the following receptor types is causing this sensation?
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Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4-S4 form the ______.
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__________ are receptors that can respond to painful stimuli.
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Which receptors respond to stimuli within the body?
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Which of the following nerves does NOT arise from the brachial plexus?
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Dermatome maps are useful to clinicians because ________.
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Spinal nerves are all classified as _______.
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The knee-jerk reflex is an example of a ________.
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Receptors that respond to changes in room temperature are found in the skin. Which of the following pairs of classifications below best fit the receptor type that is being described above?
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If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies?
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The cranial nerve that emerges from the pons and serves the motor and proprioceptive functions of the eyeball is the ______.
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A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the _____.
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Striking the 'bone' is actually stimulation of (or injury to) the _______.
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The sensory division of the PNS is also known as the efferent division.
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Study Notes
Nervous System Overview
- Trauma to the vestibulocochlear nerve can lead to balance issues.
- The phrenic nerve, responsible for diaphragm innervation, is a branch of the cervical plexus.
- The endoneurium is the connective tissue layer that surrounds individual axons in a nerve.
- Hypoglossal nerve does not carry sensory information; it is purely motor.
Cranial Nerves and Functions
- Damage to the ethmoid bone may affect the olfactory nerve, impacting the sense of smell.
- Facial nerves are involved in taste sensation; damage may lead to loss of taste.
- Abducens nerve is a cranial nerve that transmits only motor information.
- The vestibulocochlear nerve is responsible for auditory information transmission.
Nerve Pathways and Conditions
- Carpal tunnel syndrome involves compression of the median nerve, affecting hand sensation.
- Afferent nerves carry impulses toward the CNS, while efferent nerves carry impulses away.
- Proprioceptors are responsible for body positioning awareness, detecting joint position and muscle stretch.
Sensory Receptors
- Nociceptors respond to painful stimuli, such as extreme heat.
- Interoceptors detect internal body stimuli, while exteroceptors detect external stimuli.
- Thermoreceptors in the skin respond to changes in room temperature and are classified as exteroceptors.
Spinal Nerves and Reflexes
- Spinal nerves are classified as mixed nerves, containing both sensory and motor fibers.
- The knee-jerk reflex is a type of stretch reflex, demonstrating a simple reflex arc.
- Dermatome maps help clinicians locate spinal injuries based on sensory loss patterns.
Plexuses
- Gluteal muscle innervation arises from the sacral plexus, while the lumbar plexus includes the femoral nerve.
- The sciatic nerve consists of the common fibular and tibial nerves, playing a role in leg function.
- The phrenic nerve does not arise from the brachial plexus, distinguishing it from median, ulnar, and radial nerves.
Implications of Spinal Nerve Damage
- Cutting the ventral root of a spinal nerve results in a complete loss of voluntary movement in the nerve's supply region.
- Stimulation of the “funny bone” actually affects the ulnar nerve, causing a tingling sensation.
Additional Notes
- Spinal nerves exit from various levels, such as L4 to S4 forming the sacral plexus.
- Reflexes and receptor functions are crucial for understanding the body's response to stimuli.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the nervous system with this quiz based on Chapter 13. Each question challenges you to identify key nerves and their functions. Great for students studying anatomy and physiology!
