Nervous System and Sensory Receptors Quiz

An Overview of the Nervous System and Sensory Receptors

• Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a constant internal environment despite external changes.
• The nervous system allows the body to respond to stimuli both inside and outside.
• The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes all other nerves.
• Neurons are the basic unit of the nervous system and consist of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon.
• Sensory neurons transmit information from sensory receptors to the brain, while motor neurons transmit information from the brain to muscles and glands.
• Interneurons are found in the central nervous system and help to integrate information from sensory and motor neurons.
• A reflex arc is a basic neural pathway that automatically responds to a stimulus to maintain homeostasis.
• An action potential is an electrical signal that travels along a neuron and is caused by the movement of ions across the cell membrane.
• Myelinated neurons conduct nerve impulses faster than non-myelinated neurons due to the insulation provided by the myelin sheath.
• Synapses are the junctions between neurons where neurotransmitters are released to transmit information.
• The brain is divided into three main parts: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each with different structures and functions.
• The peripheral nervous system is divided into the somatic and autonomic divisions, with the latter being further divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.