The Child with a Sensory or Neurological Condition

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following components does the nervous system include?

Kidneys and liver

Brain and spinal cord (correct)

Heart and lungs

Muscles and joints

What is the primary focus of the lesson regarding children with sensory or neurological conditions?

To provide safe and effective nursing care (correct)

To compare adult and child conditions

To minimize interaction with families

To analyze medical histories only

In a clinical environment, what is required of students by the end of the lesson?

Administer medication independently

Demonstrate equipment handling skills

Conduct patient interviews exclusively

Perform nursing care without causing harm (correct)

What is a common impact of sensory or neurological disorders on children?

Direct effect on overall development Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the spinal cord within the nervous system?

To connect the brain to the body through nerves Signup and view all the answers

What can increase the risk of trips and falls in the workplace?

Excessive electrical and communication cords Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cause of eye strain in a workplace setting?

Poor lighting conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method for evaluating cognitive learning objectives?

Written examinations Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to the pinna when instilling ear drops in infants?

Pull it down and back Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by pain and tenderness in the external ear canal?

Otitis Externa Signup and view all the answers

What is a function of the eustachian tube?

Equalizes air pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the higher propensity for ear infections in infants and toddlers?

Wider eustachian tubes Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a common sign of an ear infection in infants?

Increased appetite Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of chronic ear infections in children?

Hearing loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the first-line therapy for treating ear infections in children?

Oral amoxicillin Signup and view all the answers

When should routine hearing screening be performed on newborns?

At birth or before 3 months of age Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT typically used to diagnose hearing loss in children?

Blood test Signup and view all the answers

Which is an effective preventive measure for barotrauma in children while flying?

Yawning Signup and view all the answers

What should parents avoid doing to prevent complications with a child's hearing aid?

Inserting the earpiece without checking hair Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of infection that causes bacterial meningitis in children?

Hemophilus influenzae Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is least associated with bacterial meningitis in children?

Hyperactivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment duration for antibiotics in cases of bacterial meningitis?

10 to 21 days Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common precipitating factor for febrile seizures in children?

Rapid rise in temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the main diagnostic method used to confirm bacterial meningitis?

Examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age at which retinoblastoma is diagnosed?

15 to 27 months Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a manifestation of retinoblastoma?

Twitching of limbs Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main treatments for retinoblastoma if vision cannot be saved?

Enucleation of the affected eye Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential causes of altered level of consciousness (ALOC) in children?

Seizures and increased ICP Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision?

Optic nerve Signup and view all the answers

In which condition would one expect ammonia to accumulate in the blood due to liver dysfunction?

Reye's syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is a common nursing consideration after enucleation of the eye?

Placing a large pressure dressing over the affected area Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical manifestation of sepsis in children?

Tachycardia Signup and view all the answers

What does the Vagus nerve primarily control?

Sensory and autonomic functions of viscera Signup and view all the answers

Which manifestation is characteristic of Reye's syndrome after a viral illness?

Effortless vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What should parents be instructed about the pressure equalization tube after a myringotomy?

The tube may fall out spontaneously within 6 to 12 months. Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate age for preschool visual screening, as recommended by the AAP?

2 to 3 years Signup and view all the answers

What treatment is commonly recommended for a child diagnosed with amblyopia?

Patching of the good eye Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms may indicate strabismus in a child?

Covering one eye to see Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of eye strain in children?

Dizziness Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate intervention for a child diagnosed with conjunctivitis?

Warm compresses and antibiotic eye drops Signup and view all the answers

What can hyphema be defined as?

Presence of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye Signup and view all the answers

What is not an appropriate method for caring for a child's ears after myringotomy?

Cleaning the ears with alcohol regularly Signup and view all the answers

Which type of strabismus involves a constant gaze deviation?

Nonparalytic strabismus Signup and view all the answers

At what age does depth perception begin to develop in infants?

9 months Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Components of the Nervous System

The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.

Impact of Sensory or Neurological Disorders

Children with sensory or neurological disorders often experience challenges with communication, social interaction, and daily living activities.

Role of the Spinal Cord

The spinal cord transmits messages between the brain and the rest of the body.

Workplace Trip and Fall Risks

Slippery floors, uneven surfaces, and cluttered walkways can increase the risk of trips and falls in the workplace.

Causes of Eye Strain

Prolonged computer use, poor lighting, and incorrect monitor positioning can cause eye strain.

Evaluating Cognitive Learning Objectives

Common methods for evaluating cognitive learning objectives include written tests, quizzes, and essays.

Instilling Ear Drops in Infants

To instill ear drops in infants, gently pull the pinna down and back.

Otitis Externa

Otitis externa is characterized by pain and tenderness in the external ear canal.

Eustachian Tube Function

The eustachian tube helps equalize pressure in the middle ear.

Ear Infection Propensity in Infants

The horizontal orientation of the eustachian tube in infants and toddlers contributes to their higher propensity for ear infections.

Ear Infection Signs in Infants

Fever, irritability, and pulling at the ear are common signs of ear infections in infants.
Absence of fever or no ear pain may not be typical signs of an ear infection.
Ear discharge is a common symptom of an ear infection in infants.

Consequences of Chronic Ear Infections

Chronic ear infections can lead to hearing loss.

Treatment of Ear Infections in Children

Antibiotics are the first-line therapy for treating ear infections in children.

Newborns Hearing Screening

Routine hearing screening should be performed on newborns before discharge from the hospital.

Diagnosis of Hearing Loss in Children

Audiometry, tympanometry, and otoacoustic emissions testing are common methods to diagnosis hearing loss in children.
Observational techniques are not typically used.

Preventing Barotrauma in Children

Encourage children to swallow or yawn during take-off and landing to prevent barotrauma.

Hearing Aid Complications

Parents should avoid exposing hearing aids to excessive heat and moisture.

Meningitis

Haemophilus influenzae type b is the most common type of bacterial meningitis in children.

Meningitis Symptoms

Lethargy is not a typical symptom of bacterial meningitis in children.
Fever, stiff neck, headache, and vomiting are all typical symptoms of bacterial meningitis.

Meningitis Treatment Duration

Antibiotics are typically administered for 10 to 14 days in cases of bacterial meningitis.

Febrile Seizures

High fever is the most common precipitating factor for febrile seizures in children.

Meningitis Diagnosis

Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) is the main diagnostic method used to confirm bacterial meningitis.

Retinoblastoma Diagnosis

Retinoblastoma is typically diagnosed around 2 years old.

Retinoblastoma Manifestation

Retinoblastoma is a type of eye cancer that can cause a white reflex in the pupil.
It is not usually associated with nearsightedness.

Retinoblastoma Treatment

Enucleation is a surgical procedure that removes the affected eye if vision cannot be saved.

Altered Level of Consciousness (ALOC) in Children

Head injury, infection, and poisoning are potential causes of ALOC in children.
Meningitis is a potential cause of an altered level of consciousness.

Cranial Nerve for Vision

The optic nerve (cranial nerve II) is responsible for vision.

Ammonia Accumulation

Ammonia may accumulate in the blood due to hepatic encephalopathy, a condition caused by liver dysfunction.

Nursing Care After Enucleation

Post-enucleation care includes pressure dressings and pain management.

Sepsis Manifestations in Children

Fever, rapid breathing, and tachycardia are typical manifestations of sepsis in children.

Vagus Nerve Control

The vagus nerve primarily controls heart rate, digestion, and breathing.

Reye's Syndrome Manifestation

Encephalopathy, fatty liver, and elevated blood ammonia levels are characteristic manifestations of Reye's syndrome after a viral illness.

Pressure Equalization Tube Instructions

Parents should be instructed that the pressure equalization tube (PE tube) can fall out, but it will not harm their child.

Preschool Visual Screening Age

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends preschool visual screening starting at age 3.

Amblyopia Treatment

Wearing an eye patch over the stronger eye is a common treatment for amblyopia.

Strabismus Symptoms

Squinting, tilting the head to see clearly, and covering one eye are signs of possible strabismus.

Eye Strain Symptoms in Children

Headaches, blurred vision, and tired eyes are common symptoms of eye strain in children.

Conjunctivitis Intervention

Good hygiene practices, such as hand washing, and antibiotic eye drops are common interventions for conjunctivitis.

Hyphema

Hyphema is defined as a collection of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye.

Ear Care After Myringotomy

Placing cotton swabs into the ear canal is not recommended.

Constant Gaze Deviation

Esotropia is a type of strabismus that involves a constant gaze deviation.

Depth Perception Development

Depth perception begins to develop during infancy. Infants usually achieve good depth perception by the age of 6-7 months.

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Description

Test your understanding of the nervous system and its components, especially as they relate to children with sensory or neurological conditions. This quiz also covers ear health, common disorders, and cognitive learning evaluation methods, providing comprehensive insights into pediatric health care.