Nervous System Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the cell body in a neuron?

  • To receive, integrate, and send nerve impulses (correct)
  • To provide structure to the dendrites
  • To transmit nerve impulses to other neurons
  • To produce glial cells

What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

  • To produce neurotrophic factors
  • To conduct nerve impulses toward the cell body (correct)
  • To conduct nerve impulses away from the cell body
  • To transmit nerve impulses to other neurons

How many axons does a typical neuron have?

  • Multiple axons
  • No axons
  • Variable number of axons
  • A single axon (correct)

What is the role of glial cells in the nervous system?

<p>To support and protect neurons, and participate in neural activity, nutrition, and defense (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical division of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord?

<p>Central Nervous System (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of nerve cells in the human nervous system?

<p>100 million nerve cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nucleus in a neuron?

<p>To store genetic information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between dendrites and axons?

<p>Dendrites receive nerve impulses while axons transmit them (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of glial cells in relation to neurons?

<p>To support and protect neurons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the number of dendrites on a neuron affect its function?

<p>More dendrites increase the neuron's ability to receive nerve impulses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the plasma membrane in a neuron?

<p>To enclose the cytoplasm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structural feature that distinguishes nerve cells from other cell types?

<p>The presence of long processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the component of a neuron that contains cytoplasm?

<p>The cell body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do glial cells support neurons?

<p>By providing structural support (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of nerve cells in the human nervous system?

<p>100 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Human Nervous System

  • Comprised of a network of over 100 million nerve cells (neurons) and numerous glial cells
  • Divided into the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Central Nervous System

  • Consists of the brain and spinal cord
  • Glial cells support and protect neurons, participate in neural activity, nutrition, and defense processing

Nerve Tissue Structure

  • Composed of two cell types: nerve cells (neurons) and glial cells
  • Neurons have numerous long processes, while glial cells have short processes

Neuron Structure

  • Typical neuron has a cell body, which serves as the control center
  • Cell body receives, integrates, and sends nerve impulses
  • Cell body components: plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and nucleolus

Dendrites

  • Branching processes that project from the cell body
  • Conduct nerve impulses toward the cell body
  • More dendrites enable a neuron to receive more nerve impulses from other cells

Axons

  • Larger, longer nerve cell processes that project from the cell body (also called nerve fibers)
  • All neurons have only one axon
  • Transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body toward other cells (transmits output information)

Human Nervous System

  • Comprised of a network of over 100 million nerve cells (neurons) and numerous glial cells
  • Divided into the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Central Nervous System

  • Consists of the brain and spinal cord
  • Glial cells support and protect neurons, participate in neural activity, nutrition, and defense processing

Nerve Tissue Structure

  • Composed of two cell types: nerve cells (neurons) and glial cells
  • Neurons have numerous long processes, while glial cells have short processes

Neuron Structure

  • Typical neuron has a cell body, which serves as the control center
  • Cell body receives, integrates, and sends nerve impulses
  • Cell body components: plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and nucleolus

Dendrites

  • Branching processes that project from the cell body
  • Conduct nerve impulses toward the cell body
  • More dendrites enable a neuron to receive more nerve impulses from other cells

Axons

  • Larger, longer nerve cell processes that project from the cell body (also called nerve fibers)
  • All neurons have only one axon
  • Transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body toward other cells (transmits output information)

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Description

This quiz covers the structure and function of the human nervous system, including the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems, nerve cells, and glial cells. Understand the anatomy of neurons and nerve tissue.

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