Nervous System Anatomy and Function Quiz

Nervous System Anatomy and Function

• The nervous system is composed of special cells called neurons.

• Neurons receive information from other cells through dendrites.

• The soma is the cell body of the neuron.

• Axons transmit information from the neuron to other cells.

• Many axons have a fatty sheath of myelin for faster impulse transmission.

Electrical Activity of Neurons

• Neurons have a resting potential of approximately -70mV, meaning the inside of the neuron is negatively charged.

• The electrical charge inside the neuron during its resting state is negative compared to the outside.

• During an action potential, ions move across the neuron membrane, causing a change in voltage.

• During the resting state, large amounts of positive sodium ions are found outside the neuron. Relatively more positive potassium ions are found inside the neuron.

Nervous System Components

• The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord.

• The peripheral nervous system includes sensory and motor neurons.

Nervous System Measurements

• Electromyogram (EMG) measures muscle functions.

• Electrocardiogram (ECG) measures heart functions.

• Electroencephalogram (EEG) measures brain waves.

Nervous System Processes

• Nerve impulses are transmitted through a chain of neurons, using action potentials and synapses.

Test your knowledge on the structure and function of the nervous system, including the roles of neurons, electrical activity, and the central and peripheral nervous systems. This quiz covers key concepts such as resting potential and action potentials. Get ready to assess your understanding of this vital biological system!