Nervous and Immune System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the immune system?

Defending the body against infection and protecting the body’s own cells.

What is the role of antibodies in the immune system?

Helping the body fight microbes or toxins by marking them for destruction.

What are memory cells in the immune system?

Types of white blood cells (B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes) that keep a record of defeated microbes.

What is the complement system and how does it work with antibodies?

<p>It is a group of proteins that complement the work of antibodies in the immune response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spleen in the immune system?

<p>Removing microbes, destroying old red blood cells, and producing disease-fighting components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main components of the Nervous System?

<p>The main components of the Nervous System are the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the functions of the Cerebrum.

<p>The Cerebrum interprets touch, vision, hearing, controls speech, reasoning, emotions, learning, and fine movement control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Cerebellum located and what are its functions?

<p>The Cerebellum is located under the cerebrum and its functions include coordinating muscle movements, maintaining posture, and balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Brainstem in the Nervous System?

<p>The Brainstem acts as a relay center connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord, controlling functions like breathing, heart rate, and digestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the function of Neurons in the Nervous System.

<p>Neurons are information carrier cells that use electrical impulses and chemical signals to communicate information within the CNS and PNS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Thalamus in the brain?

<p>The thalamus acts as a gatekeeper for messages passed between the spinal cord and the cerebral hemispheres.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of the Hypothalamus in the brain.

<p>The hypothalamus controls emotions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of the Cerebellum?

<p>The Cerebellum coordinates muscle movements, maintains posture, and balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the functions of the Brainstem in the Nervous System.

<p>The Brainstem acts as a relay center connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord. It performs automatic functions like breathing, heart rate, digestion, and more.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main divisions of the Nervous System and what do they consist of?

<p>The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Neurons and where are they found?

<p>Neurons are information carrier cells found within the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of neurotransmitters in the communication between CNS and PNS.

<p>Neurotransmitters are chemical signals used by neurons to communicate information from the central nervous system (CNS) to the peripheral nervous system (PNS).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structure of a neuron and the function of each of its three main parts.

<p>A neuron consists of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. The cell body contains the nucleus and cytoplasm, dendrites receive signals, and the axon transmits signals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of axons in neurons?

<p>Axons are responsible for sending electrical impulses and actively transmitting information throughout the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the importance of memory cells in the immune system's response to infections.

<p>Memory cells are types of white blood cells that remember previous infections and allow the immune system to quickly recognize and destroy known pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the immune system defend the body against infections?

<p>The immune system is a network of organs, cells, and proteins that protects the body by recognizing and destroying pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some consequences of abnormalities in the immune system?

<p>Abnormalities in the immune system can lead to allergic diseases, immunodeficiencies, and autoimmune disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of white blood cells in the immune system?

<p>White blood cells are key players in the immune system. They move through blood and tissue looking for foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi, and launch an immune attack when they find them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do antibodies help the body fight microbes?

<p>Antibodies recognize antigens on the surface of microbes or toxins, marking them for destruction. They help the body fight by recognizing foreign substances and aiding in their elimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of the complement system in the immune response.

<p>The complement system is made up of proteins that complement the work of antibodies. It enhances the immune response by helping antibodies in marking foreign invaders for destruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lymphocytes in the immune system?

<p>Lymphocytes, including B-cells, T-cells, and natural killer cells, are types of white blood cells that play a crucial role in the immune response. They help recognize and destroy pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the lymphatic system contribute to the immune response?

<p>The lymphatic system is a network of tubes that help circulate lymph fluid containing white blood cells throughout the body. It plays a key role in carrying immune cells to sites of infection and helping in the immune response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do some infections need to be fought multiple times by the immune system?

<p>Some infections like the flu and common cold have multiple strains of viruses that can cause illness. Catching one strain does not provide immunity against others, requiring the immune system to fight each strain separately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main roles of the lymphatic system?

<p>Manage fluid levels in the body, react to bacteria, deal with cancer cells, absorb fats from the intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the function of the bone marrow in the immune system.

<p>Produces red and white blood cells, and platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the thymus in the immune system?

<p>Filters blood content and produces T-lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the immune system response of fever.

<p>A rise in body temperature that can kill some microbes and trigger the body's repair process</p> Signup and view all the answers

List some disorders of the immune system related to allergies.

<p>Anaphylaxis, food allergies, hay fever, asthma, hives, eczema</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an autoimmune disorder, and how do they manifest?

<p>A response against normal body components; range from common to rare diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the role of the spleen in the immune system.

<p>Blood-filtering organ that removes microbes, destroys old red blood cells, and produces immune system components</p> Signup and view all the answers

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