Nerve Cord in Chordates vs Invertebrates

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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of the nerve cord in chordates?

Dorsal hollow structure (correct)

Ventral location

Split into two separate cords

Paired ganglia along its length

In which group of animals is the nerve cord typically ventral?

Invertebrates (correct)

Mammals

Chordates

Vertebrates

What is a difference between the nerve cord in invertebrates and chordates?

Shape of the nerve cord

Presence of paired ganglia

Location in the body (correct)

Number of nerve cords

What is a characteristic shared by the nerve cord in most invertebrates?

Paired ganglia along its length Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true about the nerve cord in chordates?

It has paired ganglia along its length Signup and view all the answers

What often occurs to the front end of an organism?

It is enlarged to form a brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pharyngeal slits?

To filter feed on small particles Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of vertebrates and chordates?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which group of animals is characterized by the presence of a head or skull, brain, and vertebral column?

Craniata Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of flow through the pharyngeal slits?

From the throat to the outside Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the pharyngeal slits in modern organisms?

To facilitate the exchange of gases Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the group of chordates with a skull?

Craniata Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic that defines the subphylum Vertebrata?

Presence of a vertebral column Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical location of the pharyngeal slits?

In the throat region Signup and view all the answers

Which group is a subgroup of Chordata?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of the blood vascular system in the given context?

Closed circulatory system with ventral heart Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the heart in the given context?

Ventral with dorsal blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following excretory systems is NOT mentioned in the given context?

Pronephric kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the hepatic portal system in the given context?

It is well developed in the given context Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature among the types of kidneys mentioned in the given context?

They are all types of excretory organs Signup and view all the answers

What feature do hagfish and lamprey lack?

Paired fins Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of Class CYCLOSTOMATA?

Being jawless Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common feature of hagfish and lamprey?

Being scaleless Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between hagfish and lamprey and other fishes?

They are jawless Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic shared by hagfish and lamprey?

Being scaleless and jawless Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nerve Cord

In most invertebrate groups, the nerve cord is ventral with paired ganglia along its length.
In chordates, the nerve cord is a single dorsal hollow cord.
The front end of the nerve cord is usually enlarged to form the brain.

Pharyngeal Slits

Pharyngeal slits are slit-like openings that lead from the throat to the outside.
They first evolved as a filter feeding apparatus.

Circulatory System

Chordates have a closed blood vascular system.
The heart is ventral with dorsal and ventral blood vessels.
The hepatic portal system is well developed.

Excretory System

The excretory system consists of proto-, meso-, or meta-nephric kidneys.

Classification of Chordates

The group Craniata (=Euchordata) consists of chordates with a skull.
The subphylum Vertebrata includes chordates with a head or skull, brain, and vertebral column.

Class Cyclostomata

Class Cyclostomata includes jawless fishes, such as hagfish and lamprey, which lack scales and paired fins.

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Description

This quiz compares the structure and location of the nerve cord in chordates and invertebrates. Learn about the differences in nerve cord development and organization between these two groups.