Exam Review
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Exam Review

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Questions and Answers

Which spinal nerves contribute to the cervical plexus?

  • C1-C5 (correct)
  • C1-C3
  • C3-C5
  • C3-C7

    • If the ulnar nerve is damaged, which muscle group will be affected?

  • A (correct)
  • B

    • Which spinal nerves comprise the sacral plexus?

  • L1-L4
  • L4-S4 (correct)
  • C5-C8
  • L3-S4

    • An individual is experiencing a tingling sensation over the lateral aspect of the anterior forearm. Which of the following nerves is responsible for this symptom?

    <p>Musculocutaneous nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is indicated in the image and what joint does it flex?

    <p>Semitendinosus, knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves provides sensory innervation to the posterior lower limb?

    <p>Sciatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is indicated by the arrow and what is its primary action?

    <p>Infraspinatus, lateral rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During endochondral bone development, which of the events causes chondrocytes to undergo apoptosis?

    <p>Formation of the bone collar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ligaments is indicated in this image?

    <p>Acromioclavicular ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The muscle indicated ______ the shoulder and is innervated by the _______ nerve.

    <p>Extends, radial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves is indicated in this image?

    <p>FCL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is this muscle in the image and what nerve provides its motor innervation?

    <p>Flexor pollicis longus; median</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of embryonic development, which cells merge to form myotubes?

    <p>Myoblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is indicated in the image?

    <p>Iliac fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you wanted to test the thoracic region of the spinal cord, which of the following myotatic reflex tests would you use?

    <p>Abdominal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A professional ballerina presents to their PCP with a compliant of difficulty pointing their toes and inverting their ankle. They are experiencing no other motor deficits. Which of the following nerves is responsible for this symptom?

    <p>Tibia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rounded structure in the image?

    <p>Lateral condyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following holds a combination of motor and sensory axons?

    <p>Spinal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is indicated in the image?

    <p>Posterior ramus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cervical plexus branches is indicated in the image?

    <p>Lesser occipital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following brachial plexus structures is indicated in the image?

    <p>Posterior cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles attach to the bony projection indicated in the image?

    <p>Supraspinatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves is indicated in the image?

    <p>Genitofemoral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ligaments is indicated in this image?

    <p>FCL/ LCL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscle groups is indicated by the arrows and which division of the myotome is it derived by?

    <p>Spinalis; epiaxial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The muscle indicated by the arrow is the

    <p>Piriformis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is indicated in the image?

    <p>Greater sciatic notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bony projections is indicated in the image?

    <p>Coracoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During development, cells of the sclerotome migrate and consensus in the lateral body walls to form these

    <p>Ribs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ligaments is indicated in this image?

    <p>Acromioclavicular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Muscles that derive from the hypaxial division _____ the vertebral column.

    <p>Flex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Differentiation of the radial/ulnar and tibial/fibular sides in the limbs are due to the

    <p>zone of polarizing activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is indicated in the image and what is the primary action on the arm?

    <p>Pectoralis major; adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bone indicated in the image is _____ to the forearm.

    <p>Medial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bones is indicated in the image?

    <p>Cuboid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is indicated in the image and what provides its innervation?

    <p>Adductor longus; obturator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The muscle indicated in the image will ___ digit 1.

    <p>Dorsiflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ____ is at the zone of reserve cartilage while ____is at the zone of calcified cartilage.

    <p>B;A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bone is correctly paired with its type of development and tissue origin?

    <p>Occipital- endochondral formation derived from somites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name these bones

    <p>Phalanges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During endochondral bone development, which of the events causes chondrocytes to go through apoptosis?

    <p>Formation of the bone collar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An individual is having difficulty initiating rising from a sitting position. Further examination finds that they have no difficulty raising their knee while standing. Which of the following nerves may be causing these motor deficits?

    <p>Sciatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nerve is involved if a patient has difficulty climbing stairs?

    <p>Femoral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Cervical Plexus

    •  C1-C5 spinal nerves contribute to the cervical plexus.

    Ulnar Nerve Damage

    •  Hypothenar muscles are impacted by damage to the ulnar nerve.

    Tibial Nerve

    •  The tibial nerve is responsible for plantarflexion and inversion of the ankle.

    Lateral Condyle

    •  The rounded structure in the image is the lateral condyle.

    Spinal Nerve

    •  Spinal nerves hold a combination of motor and sensory axons.

    Posterior Ramus

    •  The structure indicated in the image is the posterior ramus.

    Sacral Plexus

    •  The sacral plexus comprises spinal nerves L4-S4.

    Lesser Occipital Nerve

    •  The cervical plexus branch indicated in the image is the lesser occipital nerve.

    Posterior Cord

    •  The brachial plexus structure indicated in the image is the posterior cord.

    Rotator Cuff Muscles

    •  The following muscles attach to the bony projection indicated in the image: - Supraspinatus - Infraspinatus - Teres minor - Subscapularis

    Musculocutaneous Nerve

    •  The musculocutaneous nerve is responsible for sensory innervation to the lateral aspect of the anterior forearm.

    Semitendinous Muscle

    •  The muscle indicated in the image is the semitendinous muscle.
    •  This muscle flexes the knee joint.

    Sciatic Nerve

    •  The sciatic nerve provides sensory innervation to the posterior lower limb.

    Genitofemoral Nerve

    •  The nerve indicated in the image is the genitofemoral nerve.

    LCL/FCL

    •  The ligament indicated in the image is the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) or fibular collateral ligament(FCL).

    Spinalis Muscle

    •  The muscle group indicated by the arrows is the spinalis muscle.
    •  This muscle is derived from epiaxial myotomes.

    Radial Nerve

    •  The muscle indicated extends the shoulder and is innervated by the radial nerve.

    Piriformis Muscle

    •  The muscle indicated by the arrow is the piriformis muscle.

    Flexor Pollicis Longus

    •  The image shows the flexor pollicis longus muscle.
    •  The median nerve provides its motor innervation.

    Greater Sciatic Notch

    •  The structure indicated in the image is the greater sciatic notch.

    Dorsal Column Pathway

    •  Tingling sensation on the back near the vertebral column involves the following pathway: - Dorsal ramus - Spinal nerve - Dorsal root - Dorsal horn - Dorsal column pathway

    Iliac Fossa

    •  The structure indicated in the image is the iliac fossa.

    Coracoid Process

    •  The bony projection indicated in the image is the coracoid process.

    Ribs

    •  During development, cells of the sclerotome migrate and condense in the lateral body walls to form ribs.

    Acromioclavicular Ligament

    •  The ligament indicated in the image is the acromioclavicular ligament.

    Myoblasts

    •  Myoblasts merge to form myotubes.

    Hypaxial Muscles

    •  Muscles that derive from the hypaxial division flex the vertebral column.

    Zone of Polarizing Activity

    •  Differentiation of the radial/ulnar and tibial/fibular sides in the limbs is due to the zone of polarizing activity.

    Pectorialis Major Muscle

    •  The muscle indicated in the image is the pectoralis major muscle.
    •  The primary action of this muscle is adduction of the arm.

    Medial

    •  The bone indicated in the image is medial to the forearm.

    Cuboid Bone

    •  The bone indicated in the image is the cuboid bone.

    Infraspinatus Muscle

    •  The muscle indicated by the arrow is the infraspinatus muscle.
    •  Its primary action is lateral rotation.

    Adductor Longus Muscle

    •  The muscle indicated in the image is the adductor longus muscle.
    •  The obturator nerve provides its innervation.

    Dorsiflexion

    •  The muscle indicated in the image will dorsiflex digit 1.

    Reserve Cartilage

    •  Zone B is located at the zone of reserve cartilage.
    •  Zone A is located at the zone of calcified cartilage.

    Abdominal Reflex

    •  The abdominal reflex is used to test the thoracic region of the spinal cord.

    Occipital Bone

    •  The occipital bone develops through endochondral formation and is derived from somites.

    Phalanges

    •  The bones indicated in the image are phalanges.

    Bone Collar

    •  Formation of the bone collar during endochondral bone development causes chondrocytes to undergo apoptosis.

    Sciatic Nerve

    •  An individual having difficulty initiating rising from a sitting position, but no difficulty raising their knee while standing, may have damage to the sciatic nerve.

    Femoral Nerve

    •  Difficulty climbing stairs could indicate damage to the femoral nerve.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the anatomy and functions of various nerves including the cervical plexus, ulnar nerve, and tibial nerve. This quiz covers important structures related to spinal nerves and their impact on muscle control. Make sure to review the anatomy of the brachial and sacral plexuses as well.

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