Neonatal Complications Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy?

  • Sedentary lifestyles (correct)
  • Genetic factors
  • High carbohydrate intake
  • Excessive exercise

What is the role of insulin in glucose metabolism?

  • Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into muscle cells (correct)
  • Insulin stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
  • Insulin promotes protein catabolism
  • Insulin suppresses glycogen synthesis

What are the metabolic goals of pregnancy?

  • To provide fuels for fetal growth and energy needs in early pregnancy
  • To develop anabolic stores in late pregnancy
  • To develop insulin resistance in early pregnancy
  • To meet metabolic demands in late pregnancy (correct)

According to the text, when should women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?

<p>Between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, when should women with GDM and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?

<p>No later than 40+6 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the preferred mode of delivery for women with GDM?

<p>Vaginal route (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, when should women with GDM and maternal or fetal complications deliver?

<p>Before 40+6 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?

<p>Neural tube defects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for screening gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>At 24-28 weeks gestation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on fasting plasma glucose level?

<p>7.0 mmol/L or above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended calorie allotment for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who have a BMI of 22 to 25?

<p>30 kcal/kg current wt/day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher.

<p>Fasting glucose levels are higher during pregnancy compared to the non-pregnant state. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main pathophysiologic defect in gestational diabetes?

<p>Impaired insulin sensitivity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the rapid transition from fed physiology to starvation physiology in pregnancy?

<p>Accelerated starvation of pregnancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current diagnostic criteria for diabetes according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

<p>Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/l (126mg/dl) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of Metformin in pregnancy?

<p>500-1000 mg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?

<p>Lantus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the calculation for the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin during the second trimester of pregnancy?

<p>0.7-0.8 U/kg/day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended dose of short-acting insulin for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the 1-hour postprandial glucose level is >7.8 mmol/L?

<p>6 units (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy?

<p>Decreased immigration from high-risk populations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred energy source for most cells?

<p>Carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of insulin in glucose metabolism?

<p>Suppressing gluconeogenesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in fasting glucose levels during pregnancy?

<p>Increased insulin sensitivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of Metformin in pregnancy?

<p>500-1000 mg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?

<p>Ultralente zinc (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the calculation for the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin during the second trimester of pregnancy?

<p>0.7-0.8 U/kg/day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, when should women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?

<p>41-42 weeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, when should pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?

<p>Between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for screening gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>Between 32-36 weeks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred mode of delivery for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>Vaginal route (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for offering a fasting plasma glucose test postpartum to women with GDM?

<p>6-12 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended distribution of calories in medical nutrition therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>Carbohydrates: 40-50%, Protein: 25-30%, Fats: 25-30% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended calorie allotment for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who have a BMI less than 22?

<p>25 kcal/kg current wt/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended exercise duration per day for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>30 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on fasting plasma glucose level?

<p>5.6 mmol/L or above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy?

<p>Childhood and adolescent obesity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of insulin in glucose metabolism?

<p>Stimulates glycogen synthesis in the liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the metabolic goals of pregnancy?

<p>To develop anabolic stores in late pregnancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in fasting glucose levels during pregnancy?

<p>Increased insulin sensitivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main pathophysiologic defect in gestational diabetes?

<p>Increased insulin resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the rapid transition from fed physiology to starvation physiology in pregnancy?

<p>Accelerated starvation of pregnancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on fasting plasma glucose level?

<p>Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/ l (126mg/dl) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what are some potential complications of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?

<p>Renal vein thrombosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some potential long-term cognitive and metabolic problems associated with neonatal complications?

<p>Obesity and diabetes mellitus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for offering a glucose tolerance test to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>At 24-28 weeks of gestation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended calorie allotment for women with a BMI of 26 to 29 who have gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>30 kcal/kg current weight per day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of short-acting insulin for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the 1-hour postprandial glucose level is >7.8 mmol/L?

<p>6 units (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of intermediate-acting insulin at bedtime for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the fasting plasma glucose level is >5.3 mmol/L?

<p>6 units (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended increase in short-acting insulin dose every 3 days for achieving glycemic targets in pregnancy?

<p>2 units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended increase in intermediate-acting insulin dose every 3 days for achieving glycemic targets in pregnancy?

<p>4 units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Based on the NICE guidelines, when is delivery recommended for pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications?

<p>Between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation be given to women with diabetes, according to the CPG Malaysia guideline?

<p>Close monitoring of blood glucose levels and insulin dose adjusted accordingly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred mode of delivery for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>Vaginal route (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended timing for monitoring capillary blood glucose levels during labor for women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)?

<p>Every hour (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the main role of insulin in glucose metabolism?

<p>Stimulates glycogen synthesis in the liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred energy source for most cells?

<p>Carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?

<p>Decreased fetal growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in fasting glucose levels during pregnancy?

<p>Increased insulin sensitivity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main pathophysiologic defect in gestational diabetes?

<p>Increased insulin resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the rapid transition from fed physiology to starvation physiology in pregnancy?

<p>Accelerated starvation of pregnancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what are some potential complications of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?

<p>Worsening retinopathy, worsening proteinuria, and hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of short-acting insulin for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the 1-hour postprandial glucose level is >7.8 mmol/L?

<p>6 units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the calculation for the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin during the second trimester of pregnancy?

<p>0.7-0.8 U/kg/day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?

<p>Ultralente zinc (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended timing for offering a glucose tolerance test to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>At 24-28 weeks gestation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the NICE guidelines, when is delivery recommended for pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications?

<p>Between 36+0 and 38+6 weeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the CPG Malaysia guideline, when should antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation be given to women with diabetes?

<p>At 32 weeks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended mode of delivery for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>Vaginal route (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, when should women with GDM and maternal or fetal complications deliver?

<p>Before 40+6 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what are some potential long-term cognitive and metabolic problems associated with neonatal complications?

<p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and renal vein thrombosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended calorie allotment for women with a BMI less than 22 who have gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>40 kcal/kg current wt/day (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended distribution of calories in medical nutrition therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>Carbohydrates 40 – 50 %, Protein 25 – 30 %, Fats 25 – 30 % (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the recommended exercise duration per day for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

<p>30 min/day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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