73 Questions
Which of the following is a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy?
Sedentary lifestyles
What is the role of insulin in glucose metabolism?
Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into muscle cells
What are the metabolic goals of pregnancy?
To meet metabolic demands in late pregnancy
According to the text, when should women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?
Between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks
Based on the text, when should women with GDM and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?
No later than 40+6 weeks
According to the text, what is the preferred mode of delivery for women with GDM?
Vaginal route
Based on the text, when should women with GDM and maternal or fetal complications deliver?
Before 40+6 weeks
Which of the following is a potential complication of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?
Neural tube defects
What is the recommended timing for screening gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
At 24-28 weeks gestation
What is the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on fasting plasma glucose level?
7.0 mmol/L or above
What is the recommended calorie allotment for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who have a BMI of 22 to 25?
30 kcal/kg current wt/day
During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher.
Fasting glucose levels are higher during pregnancy compared to the non-pregnant state.
What is the main pathophysiologic defect in gestational diabetes?
Impaired insulin sensitivity
What is the term used to describe the rapid transition from fed physiology to starvation physiology in pregnancy?
Accelerated starvation of pregnancy
What is the current diagnostic criteria for diabetes according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?
Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/l (126mg/dl)
According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of Metformin in pregnancy?
500-1000 mg
Which insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?
Lantus
What is the calculation for the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin during the second trimester of pregnancy?
0.7-0.8 U/kg/day
According to the text, what is the recommended dose of short-acting insulin for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the 1-hour postprandial glucose level is >7.8 mmol/L?
6 units
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy?
Decreased immigration from high-risk populations
What is the preferred energy source for most cells?
Carbohydrates
What is the main role of insulin in glucose metabolism?
Suppressing gluconeogenesis
During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in fasting glucose levels during pregnancy?
Increased insulin sensitivity
According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of Metformin in pregnancy?
500-1000 mg
Which insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?
Ultralente zinc
What is the calculation for the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin during the second trimester of pregnancy?
0.7-0.8 U/kg/day
According to the text, when should women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?
41-42 weeks
According to the text, when should pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?
Between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks
What is the recommended timing for screening gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Between 32-36 weeks
What is the preferred mode of delivery for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Vaginal route
What is the recommended timing for offering a fasting plasma glucose test postpartum to women with GDM?
6-12 weeks
According to the text, what is the recommended distribution of calories in medical nutrition therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Carbohydrates: 40-50%, Protein: 25-30%, Fats: 25-30%
According to the text, what is the recommended calorie allotment for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who have a BMI less than 22?
25 kcal/kg current wt/day
According to the text, what is the recommended exercise duration per day for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
30 minutes
According to the text, what is the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on fasting plasma glucose level?
5.6 mmol/L or above
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy?
Childhood and adolescent obesity
What is the main role of insulin in glucose metabolism?
Stimulates glycogen synthesis in the liver
What are the metabolic goals of pregnancy?
To develop anabolic stores in late pregnancy
During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in fasting glucose levels during pregnancy?
Increased insulin sensitivity
What is the main pathophysiologic defect in gestational diabetes?
Increased insulin resistance
What is the term used to describe the rapid transition from fed physiology to starvation physiology in pregnancy?
Accelerated starvation of pregnancy
According to the text, what is the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on fasting plasma glucose level?
Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/ l (126mg/dl)
According to the text, what are some potential complications of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?
Renal vein thrombosis
What are some potential long-term cognitive and metabolic problems associated with neonatal complications?
Obesity and diabetes mellitus
What is the recommended timing for offering a glucose tolerance test to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
At 24-28 weeks of gestation
What is the recommended calorie allotment for women with a BMI of 26 to 29 who have gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
30 kcal/kg current weight per day
According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of short-acting insulin for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the 1-hour postprandial glucose level is >7.8 mmol/L?
6 units
According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of intermediate-acting insulin at bedtime for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the fasting plasma glucose level is >5.3 mmol/L?
6 units
According to the text, what is the recommended increase in short-acting insulin dose every 3 days for achieving glycemic targets in pregnancy?
2 units
According to the text, what is the recommended increase in intermediate-acting insulin dose every 3 days for achieving glycemic targets in pregnancy?
4 units
Based on the NICE guidelines, when is delivery recommended for pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications?
Between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks
When should antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation be given to women with diabetes, according to the CPG Malaysia guideline?
Close monitoring of blood glucose levels and insulin dose adjusted accordingly
What is the preferred mode of delivery for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Vaginal route
What is the recommended timing for monitoring capillary blood glucose levels during labor for women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)?
Every hour
Which of the following is the main role of insulin in glucose metabolism?
Stimulates glycogen synthesis in the liver
What is the preferred energy source for most cells?
Carbohydrates
Which of the following is a potential complication of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?
Decreased fetal growth
During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in fasting glucose levels during pregnancy?
Increased insulin sensitivity
What is the main pathophysiologic defect in gestational diabetes?
Increased insulin resistance
What is the term used to describe the rapid transition from fed physiology to starvation physiology in pregnancy?
Accelerated starvation of pregnancy
According to the text, what are some potential complications of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?
Worsening retinopathy, worsening proteinuria, and hypertension
According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of short-acting insulin for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the 1-hour postprandial glucose level is >7.8 mmol/L?
6 units
What is the calculation for the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin during the second trimester of pregnancy?
0.7-0.8 U/kg/day
Which insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?
Ultralente zinc
According to the text, what is the recommended timing for offering a glucose tolerance test to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
At 24-28 weeks gestation
According to the NICE guidelines, when is delivery recommended for pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications?
Between 36+0 and 38+6 weeks
According to the CPG Malaysia guideline, when should antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation be given to women with diabetes?
At 32 weeks
According to the text, what is the recommended mode of delivery for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Vaginal route
According to the text, when should women with GDM and maternal or fetal complications deliver?
Before 40+6 weeks
According to the text, what are some potential long-term cognitive and metabolic problems associated with neonatal complications?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and renal vein thrombosis
According to the text, what is the recommended calorie allotment for women with a BMI less than 22 who have gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
40 kcal/kg current wt/day
According to the text, what is the recommended distribution of calories in medical nutrition therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
Carbohydrates 40 – 50 %, Protein 25 – 30 %, Fats 25 – 30 %
According to the text, what is the recommended exercise duration per day for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?
30 min/day
Quiz on Neonatal Complications: Hypoglycemia, Hypocalcemia, Polycythemia, Hyperbilirubinemia, RDS, and more. Test your knowledge on the inheritance of diabetes, long-term cognitive and metabolic problems, and other related topics.
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