Neonatal Complications Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy?

  • Sedentary lifestyles (correct)
  • Genetic factors
  • High carbohydrate intake
  • Excessive exercise

    • What is the role of insulin in glucose metabolism?

  • Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into muscle cells (correct)
  • Insulin stimulates glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
  • Insulin promotes protein catabolism
  • Insulin suppresses glycogen synthesis

    • What are the metabolic goals of pregnancy?

  • To provide fuels for fetal growth and energy needs in early pregnancy
  • To develop anabolic stores in late pregnancy
  • To develop insulin resistance in early pregnancy
  • To meet metabolic demands in late pregnancy (correct)

    • According to the text, when should women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?

    <p>Between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the text, when should women with GDM and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?

    <p>No later than 40+6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the preferred mode of delivery for women with GDM?

    <p>Vaginal route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the text, when should women with GDM and maternal or fetal complications deliver?

    <p>Before 40+6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?

    <p>Neural tube defects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timing for screening gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>At 24-28 weeks gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on fasting plasma glucose level?

    <p>7.0 mmol/L or above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended calorie allotment for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who have a BMI of 22 to 25?

    <p>30 kcal/kg current wt/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher.

    <p>Fasting glucose levels are higher during pregnancy compared to the non-pregnant state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main pathophysiologic defect in gestational diabetes?

    <p>Impaired insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the rapid transition from fed physiology to starvation physiology in pregnancy?

    <p>Accelerated starvation of pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the current diagnostic criteria for diabetes according to the World Health Organization (WHO)?

    <p>Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/l (126mg/dl)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of Metformin in pregnancy?

    <p>500-1000 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?

    <p>Lantus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calculation for the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin during the second trimester of pregnancy?

    <p>0.7-0.8 U/kg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended dose of short-acting insulin for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the 1-hour postprandial glucose level is >7.8 mmol/L?

    <p>6 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy?

    <p>Decreased immigration from high-risk populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred energy source for most cells?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of insulin in glucose metabolism?

    <p>Suppressing gluconeogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in fasting glucose levels during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of Metformin in pregnancy?

    <p>500-1000 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?

    <p>Ultralente zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calculation for the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin during the second trimester of pregnancy?

    <p>0.7-0.8 U/kg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, when should women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?

    <p>41-42 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, when should pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications deliver?

    <p>Between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timing for screening gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Between 32-36 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred mode of delivery for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Vaginal route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timing for offering a fasting plasma glucose test postpartum to women with GDM?

    <p>6-12 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended distribution of calories in medical nutrition therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Carbohydrates: 40-50%, Protein: 25-30%, Fats: 25-30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended calorie allotment for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who have a BMI less than 22?

    <p>25 kcal/kg current wt/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended exercise duration per day for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on fasting plasma glucose level?

    <p>5.6 mmol/L or above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy?

    <p>Childhood and adolescent obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of insulin in glucose metabolism?

    <p>Stimulates glycogen synthesis in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the metabolic goals of pregnancy?

    <p>To develop anabolic stores in late pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in fasting glucose levels during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main pathophysiologic defect in gestational diabetes?

    <p>Increased insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the rapid transition from fed physiology to starvation physiology in pregnancy?

    <p>Accelerated starvation of pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the criteria for diagnosing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on fasting plasma glucose level?

    <p>Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0mmol/ l (126mg/dl)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what are some potential complications of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?

    <p>Renal vein thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some potential long-term cognitive and metabolic problems associated with neonatal complications?

    <p>Obesity and diabetes mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timing for offering a glucose tolerance test to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>At 24-28 weeks of gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended calorie allotment for women with a BMI of 26 to 29 who have gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>30 kcal/kg current weight per day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of short-acting insulin for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the 1-hour postprandial glucose level is >7.8 mmol/L?

    <p>6 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of intermediate-acting insulin at bedtime for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the fasting plasma glucose level is >5.3 mmol/L?

    <p>6 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended increase in short-acting insulin dose every 3 days for achieving glycemic targets in pregnancy?

    <p>2 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended increase in intermediate-acting insulin dose every 3 days for achieving glycemic targets in pregnancy?

    <p>4 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the NICE guidelines, when is delivery recommended for pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications?

    <p>Between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation be given to women with diabetes, according to the CPG Malaysia guideline?

    <p>Close monitoring of blood glucose levels and insulin dose adjusted accordingly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred mode of delivery for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Vaginal route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timing for monitoring capillary blood glucose levels during labor for women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)?

    <p>Every hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the main role of insulin in glucose metabolism?

    <p>Stimulates glycogen synthesis in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred energy source for most cells?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?

    <p>Decreased fetal growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During pregnancy, fasting glucose levels are 10–15% lower than in the non-pregnant state, while postprandial levels are slightly higher. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decrease in fasting glucose levels during pregnancy?

    <p>Increased insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main pathophysiologic defect in gestational diabetes?

    <p>Increased insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the rapid transition from fed physiology to starvation physiology in pregnancy?

    <p>Accelerated starvation of pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what are some potential complications of pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy?

    <p>Worsening retinopathy, worsening proteinuria, and hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended starting dose of short-acting insulin for initiating insulin therapy in pregnancy if the 1-hour postprandial glucose level is >7.8 mmol/L?

    <p>6 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the calculation for the total daily dose (TDD) of insulin during the second trimester of pregnancy?

    <p>0.7-0.8 U/kg/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which insulin preparation has the longest duration of action?

    <p>Ultralente zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended timing for offering a glucose tolerance test to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>At 24-28 weeks gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the NICE guidelines, when is delivery recommended for pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes and no maternal or fetal complications?

    <p>Between 36+0 and 38+6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the CPG Malaysia guideline, when should antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation be given to women with diabetes?

    <p>At 32 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended mode of delivery for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Vaginal route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, when should women with GDM and maternal or fetal complications deliver?

    <p>Before 40+6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what are some potential long-term cognitive and metabolic problems associated with neonatal complications?

    <p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and renal vein thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended calorie allotment for women with a BMI less than 22 who have gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>40 kcal/kg current wt/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended distribution of calories in medical nutrition therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>Carbohydrates 40 – 50 %, Protein 25 – 30 %, Fats 25 – 30 %</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the recommended exercise duration per day for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)?

    <p>30 min/day</p> Signup and view all the answers

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