Neonatal Care: Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of low birth weight infants are small for gestational age and show intrauterine growth retardation?

Two thirds

One fourth

One half

One third (correct)

What is the weight range for extremely premature babies?

Less than 2000g

Less than 2500g

Less than 1500g

Less than 30 weeks (correct)

Why do preterm infants often need assistance with breathing?

Due to immature respiratory system (correct)

Due to mature respiratory system

Due to mother's health during pregnancy

Due to mother's nutritional status during pregnancy

What is the major factor causing low birth weight in developing countries?

Maternal under nutrition Signup and view all the answers

What is the weight range for low birth weight babies?

Less than 2500g Signup and view all the answers

What is a common complication in preterm infants due to immaturity of organ systems?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

At what stage does an individual recognize the benefits of a new behavior and intend to adopt it?

Intention Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the 'Approval' stage of behavior change?

Responding favorably to messages Signup and view all the answers

What type of training is part of health education in health care today?

In-service training for health care providers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of health education in health care settings?

To promote health behavior change Signup and view all the answers

At what stage does an individual discuss the new behavior with their personal network?

Approval Signup and view all the answers

What is the final stage of behavior change, according to the text?

Advocacy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence when a drug affects the absorption of nutrients from food into the body?

Less energy is available to be used by the body Signup and view all the answers

What is a common problem among older adults that may be exacerbated by nutrient-drug interactions?

Malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributes to the increased risk of nutrient-drug interactions in elderly persons?

Taking multiple medications on a routine basis for long periods Signup and view all the answers

How can certain foods affect the body's use of a medication?

By speeding up or slowing down the medication's utilization Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of a nutrient-drug interaction?

The medication does not work as well Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that can impact the risk of nutrient-drug interactions in elderly persons?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of monitoring and evaluation in nutrition care?

To assess the effectiveness of the nutrition intervention strategy Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential characteristic of SMART outcome indicators?

They are measurable and achievable Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reviewing the plan of care with the patient?

To assess the patient's compliance with the intervention strategy Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using standardized indicators in nutrition monitoring and evaluation?

It allows for comparison of outcomes across different patients Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of measuring and recording outcome indicators in nutrition care?

To inform decision-making for continuation of care Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the framework for nutrition monitoring and evaluation?

Commitment to measuring and recording outcome indicators Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the first step in the nutrition care process?

To identify nutrition-related problems and client needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the nutrition screening and assessment tool?

To compare patient information with reference standards Signup and view all the answers

What is the timeframe for a multidisciplinary team to assess a patient in an outpatient setting?

Within 30 minutes of admission Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of collecting client data on nutritional adequacy?

To identify nutrition-related problems and client needs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the standard data collection tools?

To ensure consistency in data collection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of reassessing and analyzing patient/client needs?

To review the effectiveness of the nutrition care plan Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Low Birth Weight and Preterm Infants

Low birth weight (LBW) is defined as babies born with less than 2500g, and very low birth weight (VLBW) is less than 1500g.
About a third of LBW infants are small for gestational age and show intrauterine growth retardation.
Preterm babies are categorized into three groups based on maturity:
- Less than 30 weeks (extremely premature)
- 31-32 weeks
- 35-36 weeks (borderline)

Factors Affecting Birth Weight

Mother's health
Mother's nutritional status
Mother's diet during pregnancy
Other factors affecting women's nutritional status:
- Nutritional intake
- Drug abuse
- Maternal undernutrition (major factor in developing countries)
- Pre-pregnancy weight and height
- Low pregnancy weight gain
- Anemia
- Malaria
- Acute and chronic infections

Health Education and Behavior Change

Knowledge: learning about a new behavior and understanding its meaning
Approval: approving of the new behavior and discussing it with others
Intention: believing the behavior is beneficial and intending to adopt it
Practice: attempting the new behavior and continuing to practice it
Advocacy: promoting the new behavior through social and professional networks

Health Education and Nutrition

Health education is a part of health behavior and communication
Importance of health education for high-risk individuals, patients, families, and communities
In-service training for healthcare providers is also essential

Nutrient-Drug Interactions

Effects of nutrient-drug interactions on the body:
- Reduced energy availability
- Impaired nutrient absorption
- Increased risk of nutrient depletion and deficiencies
Factors affecting nutrient-drug interactions:
- Medication type and dosage
- Form of medication (e.g., pill, liquid)
Elderly people are at high risk for nutrient-drug interactions due to multiple medication use and decreased nutrient intake

Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation

Framework for nutrition monitoring and evaluation:
- Monitoring progress
- Measuring outcomes
- Gathering information on reasons for lack of progress
Best practices for nutrition monitoring and evaluation:
- Using selected outcome indicators (markers) relevant to nutrition diagnosis and intervention strategies
- Measuring and recording progress
- Providing evidence on the effectiveness of interventions

Framework for Nutrition Care

Framework for nutrition care and practice:
- Screening and assessment
- Nutrition diagnosis
- Intervention
- Monitoring and evaluation
Best practices for nutrition care:
- Implementing best practices in all areas
- Using standardized data collection tools
- Collaborating with multidisciplinary teams
- Conducting regular reassessment and analysis of patient needs

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Description

This quiz covers the feeding and management of low birth weight and preterm infants, including definitions, categories, and clinical considerations. It's essential for healthcare professionals working with newborns.