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What were the factors that led to the shift from hunting and gathering to the domestication of plants and animals during the Neolithic period?
What were the factors that led to the shift from hunting and gathering to the domestication of plants and animals during the Neolithic period?
Climatic change and increased hunter-gatherers’ population resulted in the declining number of animals and availability of plants.
Where did the domestication of enset plant (Enseteedule) take place and what was its significance?
Where did the domestication of enset plant (Enseteedule) take place and what was its significance?
The domestication of enset plant took place in Ethiopia and the Horn, chiefly in the more elevated and wetter-parts, and it reduced shifting cultivation, slowing down soil exhaustion.
What are some examples of Neolithic material culture found in sites like Emba-Fakeda around Adigrat in Tigray as well as Aqordat and Barentu in Eritrea?
What are some examples of Neolithic material culture found in sites like Emba-Fakeda around Adigrat in Tigray as well as Aqordat and Barentu in Eritrea?
Polished axes, ceramics, grinding stones, beads, stone figures and animal remains were found in these sites.
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Study Notes
Factors Leading to Domestication
- Climate change and overpopulation led to the shift from hunting and gathering to the domestication of plants and animals during the Neolithic period
- Limited natural resources and food scarcity prompted the need for sustainable food production
Enset Plant Domestication
- Domestication of enset plant (Ensete edule) took place in Ethiopia
- Enset was a staple crop in Ethiopia, providing food security and playing a significant role in the Neolithic economy
Neolithic Material Culture in East Africa
- Emba-Fakeda site around Adigrat in Tigray (Ethiopia) and Aqordat and Barentu sites in Eritrea have yielded examples of Neolithic material culture
- Finds include ceramics, stone tools, and other artifacts, indicative of a developing agricultural society
- These sites provide evidence of early farming communities and the development of complex societies in the region
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