Nematode Quizbee Review

The common name for the parasitic roundworm Trichuris trichiura.

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) is spread through the fecal-oral route, typically by contaminated hands or objects.

The filariform larva of Strongyloides stercoralis has a stylet, a piercing structure that allows it to penetrate human skin.

Wuchereria bancrofti is the nematode species responsible for lymphatic filariasis, a debilitating disease that affects the lymphatic system.

Hookworm infection caused by Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus commonly leads to iron-deficiency anemia.

The larval stage of Trichinella spiralis is encysted in striated muscles of a host.

The cellophane tape test is a diagnostic technique used to detect Enterobius vermicularis eggs.

Various diagnostic techniques are used to identify nematode infections, including stool microscopy, Knott's concentration technique, and serological testing.

Humans get infected with Angiostrongylus cantonensis (rat lungworm) by ingesting undercooked snails or slugs that carry the parasite.

The primary pathological effect of Ascaris lumbricoides migrating through the lungs is pneumonitis (inflammation of the lungs) and an eosinophilic response (increased white blood cells called eosinophils).

Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) is the recommended treatment for Wuchereria bancrofti infection, which causes lymphatic filariasis.

The embryonated egg of Trichuris trichiura develops in the soil and becomes infective to humans.

Strongyloides stercoralis is the nematode capable of autoinfection in humans, allowing persistent infections for years.

The distinguishing morphological feature of Ancylostoma duodenale compared to Necator americanus is its buccal capsule with teeth.

The cellophane tape test is a diagnostic method for detecting pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis) infection. It involves collecting a sample of tape from the anal area to look for eggs under a microscope.

The life cycle of Strongyloides stercoralis involves both direct and indirect development, with free-living and parasitic phases. In the direct cycle, larvae develop directly into adults in the host's intestine. In the indirect cycle, larvae mature in the soil and infect the host through the skin.

The presence of adult worms in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the key diagnostic feature of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection.

Heavy infections of Trichuris trichiura can lead to rectal prolapse, particularly in children.

Severe Trichinella spiralis infection primarily affects skeletal muscles, leading to muscle pain, weakness, and inflammation.

The minimum infective dose for Ascaris lumbricoides eggs to establish infection in humans is just 1 egg.

Mass drug administration (MDA) programs are the primary method of controlling filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti.

A paratenic host is an animal that harbors a parasite but does not allow it to mature or reproduce. In the life cycle of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, a paratenic host, such as a snail, allows the parasite to survive and accumulate until it is consumed by a definitive host, like a rat, where it can mature.

The life cycle of Angiostrongylus cantonensis involves both direct and indirect development with free-living and parasitic phases. The larvae develop in a snail, then infect a paratenic host, such as a rat, and finally reach the definitive host, often a human, through the consumption of infected snails.