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Questions and Answers
What symbol did the old South African flag prominently feature?
What significant event in South Africa occurred in 1994?
Which event is considered a turning point in the struggle against apartheid?
What was the purpose of the pass laws in South Africa?
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What was the outcome of the Sharpeville Massacre?
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Which leader was elected president after the end of apartheid in South Africa?
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What role did Nelson Mandela play in the African National Congress (ANC)?
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Which piece of legislation was enacted to segregate South Africa's urban areas by race?
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Who is often referred to as the architect of apartheid?
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In what year did Nelson Mandela become South Africa's first black president?
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What event sparked significant unrest and resistance against apartheid in 1976?
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What was the intention behind the Bantu Education Act of 1953?
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What significant role did F.W. de Klerk play regarding apartheid?
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What happened to Hendrik Verwoerd in 1966?
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Study Notes
Nelson Mandela and the ANC
- Key figure in the anti-apartheid struggle and leader of the African National Congress (ANC).
- Imprisoned for 27 years before becoming South Africa's first black president in 1994 after apartheid's fall.
African National Congress (ANC)
- Founded in 1912 as the main organization opposing apartheid and advocating for racial equality.
- Played a vital role in the anti-apartheid movement.
Hendrik Verwoerd
- Known as the architect of apartheid for shaping and implementing racial segregation policies.
- Survived an assassination attempt in 1960 and was ultimately assassinated in 1966 by Dimitri Tsafendas in parliament.
F.W. de Klerk
- Last president of apartheid-era South Africa.
- Instrumental in ending apartheid by initiating reforms and facilitating Nelson Mandela's release.
Key Apartheid Legislation
- Group Areas Act (1950): Segregated urban areas by race, disenfranchising non-white populations from desirable locations.
- Bantu Education Act (1953): Provided inferior education for black South Africans, reinforcing the apartheid racial hierarchy.
Soweto Uprising
- Began on June 16, 1976, as a protest by black students against Afrikaans in education.
- Led to violent police crackdowns and widespread unrest, marking a significant moment in apartheid resistance.
The Old South African Flag
- Used from 1928 to 1994, symbolizing the colonial and apartheid era.
- Design elements included the Union Jack, which was offensive to many non-white South Africans.
End of Apartheid
- Officially ended in 1994 with the first democratic elections.
- Marked by Nelson Mandela's election and the formation of a new government focused on addressing apartheid's legacy.
Sharpeville Massacre
- Occurred on March 21, 1960, when police shot at a peaceful protest against pass laws, killing 69 people.
- A pivotal event that spurred international condemnation of apartheid.
Pass Laws
- Established an internal passport system to control movement and urbanization of black South Africans.
- Required the carrying of passbooks, severely restricting the freedom of the black population.
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Description
Explore the pivotal role of Nelson Mandela in the fight against apartheid as a leader of the African National Congress (ANC). This quiz delves into Mandela's imprisonment, his journey to becoming South Africa's first black president, and the history of the ANC. Test your knowledge about these significant events in South African history.
