Nelson Mandela and the ANC
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Questions and Answers

What symbol did the old South African flag prominently feature?

  • The African continent outline
  • The South African flower
  • The Union Jack (correct)
  • The colors of the rainbow
  • What significant event in South Africa occurred in 1994?

  • The signing of the constitution
  • The abolition of apartheid (correct)
  • The end of the Second Anglo-Boer War
  • The Sharpeville Massacre
  • Which event is considered a turning point in the struggle against apartheid?

  • The establishment of the ANC
  • The Soweto Uprising
  • The Sharpeville Massacre (correct)
  • The formation of the United Nations
  • What was the purpose of the pass laws in South Africa?

    <p>To control urbanization and limit movements of black South Africans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Sharpeville Massacre?

    <p>Increased international condemnation of apartheid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leader was elected president after the end of apartheid in South Africa?

    <p>Nelson Mandela</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did Nelson Mandela play in the African National Congress (ANC)?

    <p>He was a leader of the ANC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which piece of legislation was enacted to segregate South Africa's urban areas by race?

    <p>The Group Areas Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is often referred to as the architect of apartheid?

    <p>Hendrik Verwoerd</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Nelson Mandela become South Africa's first black president?

    <p>1994</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event sparked significant unrest and resistance against apartheid in 1976?

    <p>The Soweto Uprising</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the intention behind the Bantu Education Act of 1953?

    <p>To provide an inferior education to black South Africans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant role did F.W. de Klerk play regarding apartheid?

    <p>He initiated reforms leading to the end of apartheid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened to Hendrik Verwoerd in 1966?

    <p>He was assassinated in the parliamentary chambers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Nelson Mandela and the ANC

    • Key figure in the anti-apartheid struggle and leader of the African National Congress (ANC).
    • Imprisoned for 27 years before becoming South Africa's first black president in 1994 after apartheid's fall.

    African National Congress (ANC)

    • Founded in 1912 as the main organization opposing apartheid and advocating for racial equality.
    • Played a vital role in the anti-apartheid movement.

    Hendrik Verwoerd

    • Known as the architect of apartheid for shaping and implementing racial segregation policies.
    • Survived an assassination attempt in 1960 and was ultimately assassinated in 1966 by Dimitri Tsafendas in parliament.

    F.W. de Klerk

    • Last president of apartheid-era South Africa.
    • Instrumental in ending apartheid by initiating reforms and facilitating Nelson Mandela's release.

    Key Apartheid Legislation

    • Group Areas Act (1950): Segregated urban areas by race, disenfranchising non-white populations from desirable locations.
    • Bantu Education Act (1953): Provided inferior education for black South Africans, reinforcing the apartheid racial hierarchy.

    Soweto Uprising

    • Began on June 16, 1976, as a protest by black students against Afrikaans in education.
    • Led to violent police crackdowns and widespread unrest, marking a significant moment in apartheid resistance.

    The Old South African Flag

    • Used from 1928 to 1994, symbolizing the colonial and apartheid era.
    • Design elements included the Union Jack, which was offensive to many non-white South Africans.

    End of Apartheid

    • Officially ended in 1994 with the first democratic elections.
    • Marked by Nelson Mandela's election and the formation of a new government focused on addressing apartheid's legacy.

    Sharpeville Massacre

    • Occurred on March 21, 1960, when police shot at a peaceful protest against pass laws, killing 69 people.
    • A pivotal event that spurred international condemnation of apartheid.

    Pass Laws

    • Established an internal passport system to control movement and urbanization of black South Africans.
    • Required the carrying of passbooks, severely restricting the freedom of the black population.

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    Description

    Explore the pivotal role of Nelson Mandela in the fight against apartheid as a leader of the African National Congress (ANC). This quiz delves into Mandela's imprisonment, his journey to becoming South Africa's first black president, and the history of the ANC. Test your knowledge about these significant events in South African history.

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