NEET Biology: Cell Cycle and Cell Division Important Notes
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Questions and Answers

During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?

  • S phase (correct)
  • M phase
  • G1 phase
  • G2 phase

What is the term for the phase where actual cell division occurs?

  • M phase (correct)
  • S phase
  • G2 phase
  • G1 phase

Which type of cell division is also known as equational division?

  • Meiosis I
  • Binary fission
  • Mitosis (correct)
  • Meiosis II

What is the time lapse between two successive M phases of cell division known as?

<p>Interphase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for growth, repair, and reproduction in cells?

<p>M Phase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes get attached to the spindles from opposite poles?

<p>Prophase I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cytokinesis in meiosis I?

<p>Formation of dyad cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which organisms does cytokinesis not immediately follow karyokinesis, leading to the formation of a multinucleate stage?

<p>Fungi, algae, and plant cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during telophase II of meiosis?

<p>Nuclear envelope reappears (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of meiosis II?

<p>Formation of haploid cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

S Phase

The stage of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic material.

M Phase

This phase encompasses the processes of nuclear division (karyokinesis) and cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis).

Mitosis

A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It's essential for growth and repair.

Interphase

The period between two successive M phases, encompassing the G1, S, and G2 phases. It's a crucial period for cell growth and preparation for division.

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What is the importance of M Phase?

A crucial phase for cell growth, repair, and reproduction. It ensures that new cells are generated to maintain the organism's tissues and organs.

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Prophase I of Meiosis

During this stage of meiosis I, the homologous chromosomes get attached to the spindle fibers from opposite poles, preparing for separation.

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Cytokinesis in Meiosis I

This process leads to the formation of two daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. These cells are called dyad cells.

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Why does cytokinesis not follow karyokinesis in Fungi, algae, and plant cells?

In these organisms, the cytoplasm doesn't divide immediately after the nucleus divides, resulting in a multinucleate stage.

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Telophase II of Meiosis

During this stage, the nuclear envelope reforms around the separated chromosomes, and the cell prepares to complete its division.

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What is the result of Meiosis II?

The outcome of meiosis II is the formation of four haploid cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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Study Notes

Cell Cycle and Division

  • DNA replication takes place during the S phase of the cell cycle.
  • The phase where actual cell division occurs is called M phase (mitosis).
  • Mitosis is also known as equational division.
  • The time lapse between two successive M phases of cell division is known as the interphase.
  • DNA replication is essential for growth, repair, and reproduction in cells.

Meiosis

  • During metaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes get attached to the spindles from opposite poles.
  • The result of cytokinesis in meiosis I is two daughter cells, each with the diploid number of chromosomes.
  • In some organisms, such as certain fungi and slime molds, cytokinesis does not immediately follow karyokinesis, leading to the formation of a multinucleate stage.
  • During telophase II of meiosis, nuclear envelopes reform, and chromosomes uncoil to form chromatin.
  • The outcome of meiosis II is four haploid daughter cells, each with unique combinations of alleles.

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Access important notes for the NEET Biology chapter 'Cell Cycle and Cell Division' to assist with last-minute revision. These notes cover essential topics and concepts relevant to the NEET exam, offering valuable support for aspirants preparing for NEET and other similar examinations.

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