Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a needle stick injury?
What is a needle stick injury?
Who is at a higher risk of needle stick injury?
Who is at a higher risk of needle stick injury?
What is the main cause of needle stick injury?
What is the main cause of needle stick injury?
What are the common infections associated with needle stick injuries?
What are the common infections associated with needle stick injuries?
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How can needle stick injuries be prevented?
How can needle stick injuries be prevented?
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What is the recommended preventive measure after exposure to a pathogen to prevent infection?
What is the recommended preventive measure after exposure to a pathogen to prevent infection?
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What action should be taken if the source is HIV positive according to the post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines?
What action should be taken if the source is HIV positive according to the post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines?
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What should be done if the source is negative for HBsAG and the healthcare provider is unvaccinated according to the post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines?
What should be done if the source is negative for HBsAG and the healthcare provider is unvaccinated according to the post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines?
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What is a key aspect of needle disposal to prevent nurse safety incidents?
What is a key aspect of needle disposal to prevent nurse safety incidents?
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What action should be taken if the source refuses testing or is unknown according to the post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines?
What action should be taken if the source refuses testing or is unknown according to the post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines?
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Study Notes
- Inconvenient disposal system: No puncture-proof containers for needle disposal, leading to accidents when needles are disposed of in trash or handled by waste management workers.
- Lack of motivation: Administrating injections and drawing blood can result in accidental self-injury due to patient movement during procedures, especially for children.
- Post-exposure prophylaxis: Preventive measures taken after exposure to a pathogen to prevent infection.
- Blood samples taken from source and exposed healthcare provider for testing.
- Hepatitis B:
- Source positive for HBsAG and healthcare provider unvaccinated: Vaccine series and HB immunoglobulin (HBIG) for the healthcare provider.
- Source positive for HBsAG and healthcare provider vaccinated: Testing for anti-HBs, revaccination if levels are lower than 10 iu/ml.
- Source negative for HBsAG and healthcare provider unvaccinated: Vaccination for the healthcare provider.
- Source negative for HBsAG and healthcare provider vaccinated: No further action.
- Source unknown or refuses testing and healthcare provider unvaccinated: HB series and HBIG for the healthcare provider.
- Hepatitis C: No vaccines available, so start testing for antibody to HCV, viral load (RNA levels), and liver enzyme activity (ALT), repeat testing 2-8 weeks later if infection is detected.
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV):
- Source is HIV positive: Testing for HIV infection immediately for the healthcare provider, repeat testing every 6 months.
- Source refuses testing or is unknown: Counseling and retesting every 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months.
- Source tested and found negative: Baseline testing and repeat testing 12 weeks later for the healthcare provider.
- Recapping: Needles should not be moved towards unprotected hands, use a one-handed scooping method, and maintain a safe distance from the needle.
- Prevention guidelines: Nurse safety incidents usually occur during needle disposal, use special containers for needles and sharps, wide-mouthed puncture containers, replace containers before they're completely filled.
- Employee training: Proper protocol for needle handling, safety protocol against infected patients, including using full barrier techniques, double masks, double gloves, and correct sterilization protocol.
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Description
Test your knowledge about needle stick injuries, including the risks, causes, management, post-exposure prophylaxis, and prevention methods. This quiz covers important information for individuals at risk of needle stick injuries, such as healthcare workers and laboratory staff.
