40 Questions
What contributed to the growth of social sciences during the 19th century?
The Enlightenment fostering philosophical objectivity among scholars
Who were notable early thinkers who dabbled in the social sciences?
Plato and Aristotle
What was the public's interest in the advanced study of ourselves and our past a couple hundred years ago?
Very little interest
What effect did the 19th century have on the popularity of studying humanity in both its past and current states?
It became far more popular among academics and scholars
What was the purview of the social sciences a couple hundred years ago?
A select few - if anyone at all
Who fostered the growth of philosophical objectivity among scholars and the study of the natural world?
The Enlightenment of the 18th century and early 19th century
Who is considered the father of modern objective historical scholarship?
Leopold von Ranke
Which discipline was pioneered by Auguste Comte for studying current society and possibly predicting future society?
Sociology
Who is credited with classifying early human technology and industry into Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age?
Christian Thomsen
What spurred interest in ancient human society, particularly in ancient Egypt, during the 19th century?
The evolutionary theories of Charles Darwin
Which German historian emphasized the heavy use of primary sources and is still considered the father of modern objective historical scholarship?
Leopold von Ranke
What is the study of mankind's origins, development, and beliefs called?
Anthropology
What percentage of Neanderthal DNA is found in the genomes of all human beings with ancestry outside of Africa?
2%
When did the Homo sapiens species begin radiating out of their African homeland to populate six of Earth's seven continents?
50,000 years ago
What is the most likely reason for the extinction of Neanderthals?
Competition with humans
What characterized the survival of hunter-gatherer societies before the Agricultural Revolution?
Development of social structures and hierarchy
What distinguished Homo erectus from Homo sapiens based on the text?
Smaller brain size
What made Homo sapiens the most influential of the Homo species during the Paleolithic Era?
Superior intelligence and organization
What is the taxonomic family to which humans belong?
Hominidae
Which early hominid had a cranial capacity of about 380 cm^3 and is known as the oldest human ancestor to have diverged from the line that produced chimps and bonobos?
Sahelanthropus tchadensis
Which hominid species was the first known to create and use stone tools?
Homo habilis
Which species walked in a way very similar to that of modern humans and was the first to travel out and colonize vast regions in both Europe and Asia?
Homo erectus
What is the common misconception about human evolution regarding Neanderthals?
Humans directly evolved from Neanderthals
Which species is considered an intermediary stage between Homo erectus and modern humans, lived between 600,000 and 200,000 years ago, and moved out of Africa into Europe?
Homo heidelbergensis
What was the impact of eating in a common space in early human hunter-gatherer societies?
It led to the development of unique cultural traditions
What did the early humans bury individuals with, according to archaeological evidence?
Items for use in the afterlife
What did the process of knapping help early human hunter-gatherers create?
Knives, arrowheads, and spear points
What is required for creating a cave painting, based on the text?
Ability to use easily found materials such as charcoal and ochre
Which cave was initially proclaimed a hoax before being recognized as genuine cave paintings from the Paleolithic Era?
Altamira in Spain
What distinguishes the cave paintings at Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc in France?
They show multiple animals overlapping in a way that suggests three-dimensionality
What is the purpose of cave art according to the text?
To serve a social function and increase tribe cohesion
What was notable in the portrayal of animals in the Lascaux cave paintings?
Emphasis on the most characteristic features of each animal
What is the current status of the actual Lascaux cave?
Closed to public due to damage from visitors
What does 'interglaciation' mean in the context of an ice age?
Time when the Earth is warmer and glaciers recede
During periods of glaciation, why does the world become drier despite frozen water everywhere?
Lack of precipitation due to ice formations trapping water
Which animals are mentioned to have existed alongside humans during the Ice Age?
Mammoths and saber-toothed tigers
Where did most humans live before the ice began to thaw around 10,000 years ago?
Southern Hemisphere
What effect did colder periods during an ice age have on plants?
Difficulty in survival due to lack of available water
'Humans were able to survive the Ice Age due' to:
Adaptation to colder temperatures and reliance on mammals for survival
'What roles did these images play in the lives of early humans?'
'It has not been determined what roles these images played'
Test your knowledge about Neanderthal DNA, their intellectual capacity, language abilities, and extinction in this quiz.
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