NCM 112 Quiz

Function of Macrophages

• Macrophages play a crucial role in the immune response by identifying, engulfing, and destroying pathogens and debris.
• They act as antigen-presenting cells, displaying pieces of pathogens to T-cells, thus facilitating adaptive immunity.
• Macrophages secrete cytokines that help regulate inflammation and recruit other immune cells to sites of infection.

Monocytes in White Blood Cell Count

• Monocytes typically make up approximately 2% to 8% of the total white blood cell count.
• They are the largest type of leukocytes and serve as precursors to macrophages and dendritic cells.

Monocyte Increase in Infections

• Monocytes typically increase during chronic infections, such as tuberculosis and certain viral infections.
• Their elevation may also occur in inflammatory conditions and some cancers, indicating their role in persistent immune responses.

Vital Role of the Immune System

• The immune system protects the body against pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi.
• It maintains homeostasis by distinguishing between self and non-self entities, mitigating potential autoimmune reactions.
• The system involves both innate (immediate) and adaptive (long-term) responses, ensuring a well-rounded defense.

Association with the Lymphatic System

• The lymphatic system is integral to the immune system, providing a pathway for the circulation of immune cells and the drainage of interstitial fluid.
• It houses lymph nodes, where immune responses are initiated, and where macrophages and lymphocytes interact.
• The lymphatic system also helps transport antigen-presenting cells to lymph nodes, facilitating the activation of T-cells and B-cells in immune responses.