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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of the pharmacology module for nursing students?
What is the primary focus of the pharmacology module for nursing students?
- Human resource management within healthcare
- Social aspects of nursing care
- Financial management in healthcare
- Comprehensive introduction to pharmacology concepts (correct)
Which of the following outcomes relates to evaluating client compliance with prescribed medications?
Which of the following outcomes relates to evaluating client compliance with prescribed medications?
- Evaluating compliance and response to medications (correct)
- Providing health education on drug therapy
- Documenting client’s condition during drug therapy
- Using clinical evidence to ensure safe administration
What does the module emphasize in relation to drug administration?
What does the module emphasize in relation to drug administration?
- Multidisciplinary collaboration in medication administration (correct)
- Individual decision-making without collaboration
- Documenting only negative outcomes of drug therapy
- Avoiding communication with clients
Which skill is NOT included in the outcomes of the pharmacology module?
Which skill is NOT included in the outcomes of the pharmacology module?
In what context should nursing students apply the knowledge from the pharmacology module?
In what context should nursing students apply the knowledge from the pharmacology module?
Which outcome involves the documentation of a client’s response to drug therapy?
Which outcome involves the documentation of a client’s response to drug therapy?
What is a key aspect of client interaction highlighted in the module outcomes?
What is a key aspect of client interaction highlighted in the module outcomes?
Which area is NOT mentioned as part of resource management in the pharmacology module?
Which area is NOT mentioned as part of resource management in the pharmacology module?
What does documentation related to drug therapy entail according to the module outcomes?
What does documentation related to drug therapy entail according to the module outcomes?
What is the main function of progestins in combined oral contraception products?
What is the main function of progestins in combined oral contraception products?
What percentage of effectiveness do combined oral contraceptive products typically achieve?
What percentage of effectiveness do combined oral contraceptive products typically achieve?
What type of combined oral contraceptive product delivers a fixed ratio of hormones throughout the cycle?
What type of combined oral contraceptive product delivers a fixed ratio of hormones throughout the cycle?
Which combined oral contraceptive product simulates normal menstruation while inhibiting ovulation?
Which combined oral contraceptive product simulates normal menstruation while inhibiting ovulation?
What is the regimen of Loestrin 24 Fe?
What is the regimen of Loestrin 24 Fe?
What is the purpose of the inert pills in the Seasonale regimen?
What is the purpose of the inert pills in the Seasonale regimen?
Which of the following describes the Ortho-Evra patch?
Which of the following describes the Ortho-Evra patch?
What distinguishes triphasic contraceptives from other types?
What distinguishes triphasic contraceptives from other types?
In which type of contraceptive product is the progestin amount increased during the second half of the cycle?
In which type of contraceptive product is the progestin amount increased during the second half of the cycle?
What is a common side effect of triphasic contraceptives?
What is a common side effect of triphasic contraceptives?
What is one primary mechanism by which progestin-only oral contraception prevents pregnancy?
What is one primary mechanism by which progestin-only oral contraception prevents pregnancy?
What is the theoretical efficacy rate of DEPO-PROVERA?
What is the theoretical efficacy rate of DEPO-PROVERA?
What is a potential side effect of using DEPO-PROVERA?
What is a potential side effect of using DEPO-PROVERA?
What complication may arise from using implantable progestins like Nexplanon?
What complication may arise from using implantable progestins like Nexplanon?
Which of the following is a common form of spermicide?
Which of the following is a common form of spermicide?
Which hormonal method is known to thicken the cervical mucus and inhibit ovulation?
Which hormonal method is known to thicken the cervical mucus and inhibit ovulation?
What is the main function of spermicides in contraception?
What is the main function of spermicides in contraception?
What is a defining characteristic of the female condom?
What is a defining characteristic of the female condom?
What is the role of progestin in the context of hormonal contraception?
What is the role of progestin in the context of hormonal contraception?
Which method of contraception does not provide protection against STIs?
Which method of contraception does not provide protection against STIs?
What primary mechanism does the ParaGard T 380A use to prevent fertilization?
What primary mechanism does the ParaGard T 380A use to prevent fertilization?
What is a common effect of the Mirena LNG-IUS on cervical mucus?
What is a common effect of the Mirena LNG-IUS on cervical mucus?
What is the maximum duration that the ParaGard T 380A can remain in place?
What is the maximum duration that the ParaGard T 380A can remain in place?
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for the LNG-IUS?
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for the LNG-IUS?
What is the time frame for medical abortion after the last menstrual period (LMP)?
What is the time frame for medical abortion after the last menstrual period (LMP)?
What medication is commonly used in a medical abortion to terminate the pregnancy?
What medication is commonly used in a medical abortion to terminate the pregnancy?
What is a primary mechanism by which the patch contraceptive works?
What is a primary mechanism by which the patch contraceptive works?
What is one advantage of using the patch contraceptive?
What is one advantage of using the patch contraceptive?
What is a disadvantage of using the patch?
What is a disadvantage of using the patch?
How does NuvaRing deliver hormones?
How does NuvaRing deliver hormones?
What is a characteristic of the NuvaRing?
What is a characteristic of the NuvaRing?
What daily hormone release does NuvaRing provide?
What daily hormone release does NuvaRing provide?
For which type of women are progestin-only contraceptive products especially beneficial?
For which type of women are progestin-only contraceptive products especially beneficial?
Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with estrogen-containing contraceptives?
Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with estrogen-containing contraceptives?
What is the primary role of progestin in contraceptive methods?
What is the primary role of progestin in contraceptive methods?
Which condition is indicated to be reduced by using the patch?
Which condition is indicated to be reduced by using the patch?
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Study Notes
Module Overview
- Designed for nursing students to introduce key concepts and principles of Pharmacology.
- Emphasizes integration of knowledge from various scientific disciplines in relation to nursing pharmacology.
Module Outcomes
- Students should provide health education on drug therapy.
- Evaluate patient compliance and response to medications.
- Leverage clinical evidence for safe medication administration.
- Document patient conditions and responses related to drug therapy.
- Efficiently manage resources in drug administration.
- Foster effective communication with clients for medication administration.
- Promote collaboration across different healthcare sectors in medication administration.
Progestogen and Progestin
- Progestogen: Any synthetic progesterone compound.
- Progestin: Compound used in combined hormonal contraceptive (CHC) products balancing estrogen effects.
Combined Oral Contraception (COC)
- Most common reversible contraception globally; 92% to 99.3% effective.
- Types include:
- Monophasics: Fixed estrogen and progestin ratio throughout the cycle.
- Biphasics: Fixed estrogen with varying progestin levels across the cycle.
- Triphasics: Varying hormone levels across three phases, minimizing side effects.
Extended-Cycle and Continuous Dosing COC
- Loestrin 24 Fe: 24 days of active hormone therapy and 4 hormone-free days.
- Seasonale (Jolessa): 91-day regimen; 84 active and 7 inert pills.
Ortho-Evra Transdermal Patch
- Weekly combined hormonal contraception patch; 750 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and 6 mg of progestin.
- Applied for three weeks followed by a patch-free week.
- Advantages include less daily management and various health benefits.
- Potential disadvantages: skin reactions, decreased effectiveness in heavier women, and VTE risks.
NuvaRing
- Flexible indwelling ring inserted transvaginally.
- Releases 15 mcg of estrogen and 120 mcg of progestin daily.
- Non-biodegradable and colorless.
Progestin-Only Contraceptives
- Suitable for women unable to take estrogen; alternative methods to prevent ovulation.
- Progestin-only pill alters cervical mucus and affects implantation chances.
Depo-Provera
- Long-acting injectable progestin; theoretical efficacy of 99%.
- Thickens cervical mucus and alters uterine environment but offers no STI protection.
Implantable Progestins
- Nexplanon: Single-rod device containing progestin; may have reduced efficacy in obese women.
Other Contraceptive Methods
- Spermicides: Chemical agents (like nonoxynol-9) inactivate sperm.
- Barrier Methods: Include male and female condoms; effective against STIs.
- Intrauterine Devices (IUDs):
- ParaGard T 380A: Copper IUD that inhibits sperm migration.
- Mirena: Levonorgestrel-releasing IUD thickens cervical mucus and alters endometrial environment.
Medical Abortion
- Terminates pregnancy up to 63 days (or 9 weeks) gestation.
- Methotrexate used to stop pregnancy in the uterus.
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