NCM 105 Nutrition and Diet Therapy

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the eating habits and culinary practices of a particular people?

Culinary arts

Dietary patterns

Nutrition

Foodways (correct)

What are essential nutrients?

Nutrients that must be obtained from food (correct)

Nutrients that can be synthesized by the body in sufficient quantities

Nutrients that provide solely energy without other functions

Nutrients found exclusively in animal products

Which area of health is NOT directly referred to in the concept of wellness?

Emotional health

Physical health

Occupational health (correct)

Spiritual health

Which of the following is classified as a macronutrient?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

How does the hypothalamus regulate satiety?

By controlling the feeding and satiety centers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antioxidants?

To delay or prevent oxidation Signup and view all the answers

At which level of health does a person only meet needs to reverse symptoms as they appear?

Marginal level of health Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about functional foods is true?

They provide physiological health benefits beyond essential nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT typically associated with shaping foodways?

Gender Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between physical health and medicine as described in the health levels?

Most people rely on medicine to treat symptoms effectively. Signup and view all the answers

How is 'diet therapy' best defined?

The use of food for therapeutic purposes in disease management Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to plant-based bioactive compounds that can alter physiological processes?

Phytochemicals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes satiety?

Satiety occurs when the hypothalamus signals fullness. Signup and view all the answers

What represents a superior level of health in the context of wellness?

Optimal balance across all health dimensions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of nutrition as a field of study?

The relationship between food, health, and various nutrients Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines 'wellness'?

A dynamic level of functioning considering multiple health dimensions Signup and view all the answers

What is hunger primarily characterized as?

A physiological drive to seek food Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients is considered the most important?

Water Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of healthy dietary patterns?

High fat content Signup and view all the answers

What is malnutrition caused by?

Poor diets, genetic factors, and diseases Signup and view all the answers

Which of these principles is most associated with nutrient balance in a diet?

Moderation Signup and view all the answers

Foodborne infection is caused by what type of organisms?

Pathogenic microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors is NOT typically linked to poor nutrition?

Physical activity levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the collection of all properties and assessable attributes of a food item?

Food Quality Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of foodborne intoxication?

Consuming food containing harmful chemicals or toxins Signup and view all the answers

Which bacteria is most commonly associated with undercooked ground beef?

Escherichia coli Signup and view all the answers

What food source is commonly associated with Clostridium perfringens?

Gravy Signup and view all the answers

Which regulatory agency is primarily responsible for the safety of agricultural products in the Philippines?

Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method to protect against foodborne illnesses?

Cleaning hands and kitchen surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What does toxin-mediated infection result from?

Ingesting harmful microorganisms that produce toxins in the body Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen is typically associated with water supply contamination?

Shigella species Signup and view all the answers

Which foodborne illness is commonly linked with ham, salads, and cream-filled pastries?

Staphylococcus aureus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nutrition and Diet Therapy

Definition of Food: Substances ingested by mouth essential for life and growth.
Nutrients: Chemical substances necessary for energy, tissue repair, and regulation of bodily processes.
Essential Nutrients: Must be obtained through diet; body cannot produce in adequate amounts.
- Macronutrients: Include carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and water.
- Micronutrients: Vitamins and minerals.
Phytochemicals: Bioactive compounds in plants that affect physiological processes.
Antioxidants: Substances that prevent oxidation and protect other compounds from oxygen-related damage.
Fiber: Indigestible structural parts of plants, beneficial for gut health.
Functional Food: Foods recognized for health benefits beyond basic nutrition.

Health Concepts

Nutrition: Study of food's impact on health and its interactions within the body.
Health: Comprehensive well-being including physical, mental, and emotional states.
Wellness: Integration of various health dimensions oriented towards maximizing potential.
Diet: Regular food consumption patterns, often prescribed for therapeutic reasons.
Diet Therapy: Use of food to manage diseases and promote health.

Factors Influencing Dietary Choices

Foodways: Eating habits influenced by preferences, cultural background, beliefs, and social interactions.
Satiety: Feeling of fullness regulated by the hypothalamus, affecting the desire to eat.
Hunger vs. Appetite: Hunger is a physiological need; appetite is a psychological urge to eat.

Importance of Proper Nutrition

Essential for growth, organ development, reproduction, cell maintenance, and disease resistance.
Proper nutrition aids in repairing bodily damage and maintaining overall health.
Nutrient Interactions: All nutrients work together, and a variety of foods is critical to meet health needs.

Principles of Human Nutrition

Basic Needs: Food provides essential energy and nutrients.
Health Roots: Health issues often originate at the cellular level.
Malnutrition: Caused by poor diets, diseases, or genetic factors; can lead to chronic diseases.
Dietary Characteristics: Adequacy, variety, and balance are crucial for a healthy diet.
Diet Evaluation: Elements of a healthy diet include adequacy, balance, calorie control, nutrient density, variety, and moderation.

Food Quality and Safety

Food Quality: The overall attributes of food items that determine their value.
Foodborne Illness: Caused by consuming pathogens, categorized into infections and intoxications.
- Foodborne Infection: Resulting from pathogens like Norovirus or Salmonella.
- Foodborne Intoxication: Due to harmful chemicals or toxins like those from Bacillus cereus.

Regulatory Agencies in the Philippines

Department of Agriculture (DA): Oversees safety of agricultural products.
Department of Health (DOH): Regulates processed foods through the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Relevant sectors include:
- Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI)
- Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR)
- Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI)
- National Meat Inspection Services (NMIS)

Common Bacteria Linked to Foodborne Illnesses

Salmonella: Found in raw meats, poultry, and eggs.
Campylobacter jejuni: Associated with raw meats and unpasteurized milk.
Escherichia coli: Often found in undercooked beef and contaminated vegetables.
Shigella species: Linked to contaminated water and poor hygiene practices.
Staphylococcus aureus: Common in meats, poultry, and creamy products.
Clostridium perfringens: Found in beef and poultry.

Prevention of Foodborne Illnesses

Cleanliness: Maintain hygiene in the kitchen, hands, and cooking utensils.

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Description

Explore the vital concepts of Nutrition and Diet Therapy in this NCM 105 quiz. Understand the definitions of food, nutrients, and the importance of essential nutrients for maintaining life and health. Enhance your knowledge and prepare for a deeper understanding of dietary needs.