Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which component is NOT included in the acronym COLDSPA for exploring neck pain?
Which component is NOT included in the acronym COLDSPA for exploring neck pain?
- Pattern (correct)
- Onset
- Character
- Severity
What is the correct technique to perform during a physical assessment of the head and neck?
What is the correct technique to perform during a physical assessment of the head and neck?
- Discuss collection of subjective data
- Use COLDSPA for exploring neck pain (correct)
- Ask about precipitating events
- Analyze data obtained from the interview
What is a potential health condition associated with neck pain according to the text?
What is a potential health condition associated with neck pain according to the text?
- Respiratory infections
- Muscular problems (correct)
- Cardiovascular disease
- Skin conditions
Which type of pain is specifically mentioned in the text as being associated with neck pain?
Which type of pain is specifically mentioned in the text as being associated with neck pain?
What aspect of neck pain should be explored further according to the text?
What aspect of neck pain should be explored further according to the text?
Which part of the health history is NOT mentioned in the text as related to neck pain?
Which part of the health history is NOT mentioned in the text as related to neck pain?
What is a common risk factor for head and neck cancers?
What is a common risk factor for head and neck cancers?
Why is the client instructed to remain still during most of the inspection and palpation of the head and neck?
Why is the client instructed to remain still during most of the inspection and palpation of the head and neck?
What lifestyle habit is a potential cause of headaches?
What lifestyle habit is a potential cause of headaches?
What is the importance of asking about a family history of migraine headaches?
What is the importance of asking about a family history of migraine headaches?
Why is it important to consider cultural norms for touch when assessing the head?
Why is it important to consider cultural norms for touch when assessing the head?
What is a common side effect of some prescription and non-prescription medicines?
What is a common side effect of some prescription and non-prescription medicines?
What is the term for an abnormally small head?
What is the term for an abnormally small head?
Which condition is characterized by larger and thicker skull and facial bones?
Which condition is characterized by larger and thicker skull and facial bones?
What involuntary movement may be seen in patients with aortic insufficiency?
What involuntary movement may be seen in patients with aortic insufficiency?
Which condition is associated with an asymmetrical face known as Bell's Palsy?
Which condition is associated with an asymmetrical face known as Bell's Palsy?
What age-related process causes the lower face to shrink and the mouth to be drawn inward?
What age-related process causes the lower face to shrink and the mouth to be drawn inward?
Which condition is associated with a swollen face and a moon-shaped appearance with red cheeks?
Which condition is associated with a swollen face and a moon-shaped appearance with red cheeks?
Which artery, when inflamed, can lead to blindness?
Which artery, when inflamed, can lead to blindness?
What is a common symptom of TMJ Syndrome?
What is a common symptom of TMJ Syndrome?
What is a normal finding during a neck inspection?
What is a normal finding during a neck inspection?
What condition does an enlarged thyroid gland indicate?
What condition does an enlarged thyroid gland indicate?
What is a common symptom of temporal arteritis?
What is a common symptom of temporal arteritis?
What is the purpose of asking the client to swallow during a neck inspection?
What is the purpose of asking the client to swallow during a neck inspection?
What is the normal position of the thyroid gland landmarks?
What is the normal position of the thyroid gland landmarks?
How should the lobes of the thyroid gland feel during palpation?
How should the lobes of the thyroid gland feel during palpation?
What sound is considered a normal finding during thyroid auscultation?
What sound is considered a normal finding during thyroid auscultation?
What is the normal finding for the lymph nodes of the head and neck during palpation?
What is the normal finding for the lymph nodes of the head and neck during palpation?
What key landmarks should be located when palpating the thyroid gland?
What key landmarks should be located when palpating the thyroid gland?
Which technique is used to palpate the left lobe of the thyroid gland?
Which technique is used to palpate the left lobe of the thyroid gland?
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Study Notes
Family History
- Head or neck cancer in the family is a risk factor for head and neck cancers
- Migraine headaches commonly have a familial association
Lifestyle and Health Practices
- Smoking and chewing tobacco can cause headaches
- Use of alcohol and recreational drugs can affect health
- Amount and type of substance used should be documented
Collecting Objective Data: Physical Examination
- Preparing the client:
- Remove wigs, hats, hair ornaments, pins, rubber bands, jewelry, and head or neck scarves
- Sit in upright position with back and shoulders held back and straight
- Explain the importance of remaining still during most of the inspection and palpation
- Cultural considerations:
- Consider cultural norms for touch when assessing the head
- Ask the client to move and bend the neck for examination of muscles and thyroid gland palpation
Head and Neck Assessment
- Learning Objectives:
- Discuss collection of subjective data
- Use correct technique to perform physical assessment of the head and neck
- Analyze head and neck data obtained from the interview and physical assessment
Collecting Subjective Data: The Nursing Health History
- Pain:
- Do you experience neck pain?
- Use COLDSPA to further explore any neck pain
- Ask about precipitating events, severity, and associated symptoms
- Headache:
- Do you experience headache?
- Facial pain:
- Do you have any facial pain?
Physical Assessment of the Head and Neck
- Inspection:
- Head:
- Normal findings: Head size and shape vary, usually symmetric, round, erect, and in midline
- Abnormal findings: Microcephaly, acromegaly
- Face:
- Normal findings: Symmetrical, varied features, normal skin condition
- Abnormal findings: Asymmetrical, swollen face, moon shape with red cheeks, facial hair
- Neck:
- Normal findings: Smooth, symmetric, without lumps or masses
- Abnormal findings: Asymmetrical head position, masses or scars present, swelling
- Head:
- Palpation:
- Head:
- Normal findings: Hard, smooth, without lesions
- Abnormal findings: Hard, thick, and tender with inflammation
- Temporal artery:
- Normal findings: Elastic, not tender
- Abnormal findings: Hard, thick, and tender with inflammation
- TMJ:
- Normal findings: No swelling, tenderness, or crepitation
- Abnormal findings: Limited range of motion, swelling, tenderness, or crepitation
- Thyroid gland:
- Normal findings: Glandular tissue felt rising underneath fingers, smooth, rubbery, and free of nodules
- Abnormal findings: Enlarged thyroid gland, nodules
- Head:
Additional Information
- Auscultation:
- Normal findings: No bruits are auscultated
- Abnormal findings: A soft blowing swishing sound auscultated over the thyroid lobes
- Lymph nodes:
- Normal findings: No swelling or enlargement, no tenderness
- Equipment:
- Small cup of water
- Stethoscope
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