NCERT Class 9 History Chapter 3

10 Questions

What was the name of the party that Hitler renamed and later became known as the Nazi Party?

German Workers Party

What was the main reason for the economic crisis in Germany in 1923?

Germany refused to pay war reparations

What was the name of the plan introduced by the Americans in 1924 to stabilize Germany's economy?

Dawes Plan

What was the article in the Weimer Republic that gave the President the power to impose emergency and rule by decree?

Article 48

What event in 1929 had a devastating impact on the German economy?

Wall Street Exchange crash

What was the outcome of Germany's involvement in the First World War?

Germany was defeated along with the Central Powers

What was the main reason for the unpopularity of the Weimer Republic among the German people?

It was responsible for the defeat in the war and the terms of Versailles

What was the effect of the First World War on the European economy?

From being a creditor, Europe became a debtor

What was the outcome of the National Assembly meeting at Weimer?

A democratic constitution with a federal structure was established

What was the result of the rise of Hitler's power?

The Nazi ideology spread around the world

Study Notes

Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

Formation of the Weimer Republic

Germany fought the First World War (1914-1918) alongside the Austrian empire and against the Allies (England, France, and Russia)
Germany was defeated in 1918, leading to the formation of the Weimer Republic
A National Assembly met at Weimer and established a democratic constitution with a federal structure
The Weimer Republic was not well received by the German people due to the terms it was forced to accept after Germany's defeat

The Effects of the War

The war had a devastating impact on the entire continent, both psychologically and financially
Europe became a debtor from being a creditor
The Weimer Republic was criticized, and its supporters became easy targets of attack in conservative nationalist circles

Political Radicalism and Economic Crisis

The birth of the Weimer Republic coincided with the uprising of the Spartacist League, inspired by the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia
The Spartacists founded the Communist Party of Germany, leading to political radicalization
The economic crisis of 1923 was heightened by Germany's refusal to pay war reparations, leading to France's occupation of Ruhr and Germany's reckless printing of paper currency
The value of the German mark collapsed, resulting in hyperinflation

The Years of Depression

1924-1928 saw some stability, but it was built on sand
The introduction of the Dawes Plan by the Americans helped Germany recover from financial instability
Germany was dependent on short-term loans, largely from the USA
The withdrawal of American support after the 1929 Wall Street Exchange crash hit the German economy badly

Hitler's Rise to Power

Hitler was born in Austria in 1889 and earned medals for bravery in the First World War
The German defeat and the Treaty of Versailles horrified and infuriated him
Hitler joined the German Workers Party and renamed it National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party)
Nazism became a mass movement during the Great Depression
Hitler's powerful and effective speeches promised the people a strong nation with employment for all
Hitler achieved the highest position in the cabinet of ministries on 30 January 1933