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Questions and Answers
What is a key feature of the cities in the ancient Indus Valley civilization?
Which writing system was used by the ancient Indus Valley civilization?
Who were some of the key leaders in India's struggle for independence mentioned in the textbook?
What type of resistance movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in India?
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Which political party was formed during India's freedom movement as mentioned in the textbook?
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What is the main objective of the NCERT Social Studies textbook for class 8?
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Which early hominid species is mentioned in the NCERT Social Studies textbook for class 8?
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What is a significant achievement of the Mesopotamians as discussed in the textbook?
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Where did the Mesopotamians live as described in the NCERT Social Studies textbook?
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Which ancient civilization is known for developing agriculture and established cities with governments, temples, and palaces?
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What is one of the characteristics of the Indus Valley Civilization mentioned in the NCERT Social Studies textbook?
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Which ancient civilization is associated with living along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers?
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Study Notes
NCERT Social Studies Textbook Class 8 - History
The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is responsible for providing education materials in India, including textbooks for students studying in government schools. In this context, we will examine the history topics covered in the NCERT's Social Studies textbook for class 8.
Topic 1: The Evolution of Humankind
This section covers the development of humans from our ancestors, known as hominids. It discusses how human evolution has taken place over millions of years through processes such as natural selection and genetic mutations. Students learn about early hominid species like Australopithecus and Homo habilis, leading up to modern humans, Homo sapiens.
Topic 2: Ancient Civilizations
Here, students delve into the history of ancient civilizations, starting with early humans and their development into organized societies. The textbook discusses various aspects of these cultures, including farming, trade, crafts, and architecture. Among the civilizations studied are:
- Mesopotamians: These were the earliest urban civilization, living along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. They invented writing, developed agriculture, and established cities with governments, temples, and palaces.
- Indus Valley Civilization: This was one of the world's first urbanized civilizations, which existed around 2500 BC on the Indian subcontinent. Their cities had sophisticated water supply systems, advanced agricultural practices, and a writing system called Indus script.
- Chinese Civilization: The textbook provides an introduction to Chinese civilization, covering its beginnings, key cultural features, and achievements.
Topic 3: Historic Events of India
Understanding historic events of India is essential for students studying at class 8 level. The book introduces them to significant periods of Indian history, emphasizing the struggle for independence, the role played by Gandhi, Nehru, and other leaders during that time. It touches upon the nonviolent resistance movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi and the formation of political parties like INC (Indian National Congress).
Conclusion
The NCERT Social Studies textbook for class 8 covers a wide range of historical topics, from the origins of humankind to the establishment of major ancient civilizations and the most influential historic events of India. Its objective is to help students develop a foundation in understanding global and national histories while fostering critical thinking skills.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the evolution of humankind, ancient civilizations like Mesopotamians, Indus Valley Civilization, Chinese Civilization, and historic events in India as covered in the NCERT Social Studies textbook for class 8.
