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Natural Rights Philosophers and Independence

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Natural Rights Philosophers and Independence

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Questions and Answers

What did Thomas Hobbes believe about human nature in a state of nature?

Humans are equal and have no natural conflicts.

Humans can only thrive in community settings.

Humans are fundamentally fearful and predatory. (correct)

Humans are inherently peaceful and cooperative.

How did John Locke's perspective on government differ from Thomas Hobbes'?

Locke argued that government is necessary for survival.

Locke viewed government as a mutual agreement for protection. (correct)

Locke believed in the divine right of kings.

Locke considered people to be inherently evil.

What was a significant action taken by the 13 colonies in July 1776?

They signed a treaty with Great Britain.

They established a monarchy.

They declared their independence from Great Britain. (correct)

They formed a new alliance with France.

What reason did Hobbes give for the establishment of government?

<p>To protect people from their own nature. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea expressed in the Declaration of Independence?

<p>The colonies claim their right to be independent states. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Thomas Hobbes

A philosopher who believed in the 'divine rights of kings' and saw people as fearful in a state of nature.

Social Contract (Hobbes)

An agreement where people consent to rulers for protection, as rulers are appointed by God.

John Locke

Philosopher who believed all people are born equal and good, rejecting the divine right of kings.

Social Contract (Locke)

An agreement for mutual benefit where the government protects natural rights in exchange for obedience.

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Declaration of Independence

The formal statement made by the 13 colonies declaring their independence from Great Britain in 1776.

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Study Notes

Natural Rights Philosophers

Hobbes believed rulers' power came from God ("divine right of kings").
Hobbes viewed humans as naturally selfish and prone to conflict (a "state of nature" characterized by "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" lives).
Locke believed everyone is born equal, with no "divine right of kings".
Locke saw humans as naturally good.
Both Hobbes and Locke described a social contract where people give up some freedoms for government protection.

Declaration of Independence

The 13 colonies severed their ties to Great Britain in July 1776.
The Declaration of Independence asserted the colonies' right to self-governance and freedom.
The final paragraph declares the colonies as free and independent states.

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts from natural rights philosophers like Hobbes and Locke, including their views on the social contract and government power. It also covers the Declaration of Independence, emphasizing the colonies' quest for self-governance and independence in 1776.