Natural Resources and Environmental Science

True (A)

A barrier of trees and shrubs that provides protection from wind and storm.

<p>fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Terrace farming = Farming method for hilly areas Shelterbelt = Barrier to protect from erosion Wind erosion = Loss of soil due to wind Soil fertility = Nutrient content of soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>oceans, seas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Van Mahotsav (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Earthworms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CNG (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ocean water = Non-renewable resource Earthworms = Natural agents Petroleum = Fossil fuel Solar panels = Renewable energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>natural resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They expand. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microbes secrete acids and enzymes to dissolve minerals and facilitate soil formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>partially decayed</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The availability of air decreases as altitude increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trees = Provide oxygen Forests = Reduce floods Microorganisms = Decompose organic matter Humus = Increases soil fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>500-1,000 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liquefied petroleum gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minerals, soil organic matter, living organisms, gas, and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solar energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>infiltration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deforestation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sunderlal Bahuguna (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cooking and generating electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bawadi</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The production of electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>inert gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Xenon = Inert gas Oxygen = Essential gas for life Nitrogen = Major component of air Carbon Dioxide = Greenhouse gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clay soil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Silt soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clay</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sandy soil = Very low nutrients and poor water holding capacity Loamy soil = Best type for most plants Clay soil = Makes it hard for roots to absorb water Silt soil = Found near water bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creating farmable land on mountains (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sandy soil, Silt soil, Clay soil, Loamy soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

Oceans and seas are vast bodies of saltwater that cover most of the Earth's surface.

Saline water, also known as saltwater, is high in dissolved salts and is not suitable for drinking, irrigation, or industrial processes.

Step wells, also known as Bawadi in Rajasthan and Vav in Gujarat, are traditional underground structures that collect and store rainwater, providing access to water during dry seasons.

Solar panels capture sunlight and convert it into electricity through a process called photovoltaics.

Van Mahotsav is a week-long festival in India that promotes tree planting and environmental awareness.

Earthworms are beneficial soil organisms that break down organic matter and aerate the soil, improving its fertility.

Soil is formed by the gradual breakdown of rocks through processes like weathering, erosion, and the activity of organisms.

Laterite is a type of soil rich in iron and aluminum oxides, often used as a building material due to its durability and reddish color.

The decrease in air availability as we go higher into the atmosphere.

Large areas with diverse plant life, like trees, shrubs, and herbs, providing homes for animals.

Liquefied Petroleum Gas, a fuel.

Compressed Natural Gas, a fuel.

The process of water soaking into the ground.

The process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles, forming soil.

Factors like water, wind, sun, and living organisms that break down rocks.

Overuse of land increases demand for construction, leading to less space for water absorption, depleting water sources.

A barrier of trees and shrubs that protects from wind and storm, decreasing erosion.

A soil conservation method that creates steps on sloped land to prevent soil erosion.

Increased food production by farming on hilly areas that would otherwise be unusable.

Terrace Farming helps retain soil cover and fertility.

Shelterbelts help decrease wind speed, protecting crops, livestock, and people from the elements.

The process of cutting down trees on a large scale, often for timber or agricultural land. This practice significantly reduces the amount of trees available to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Sunderlal Bahuguna is recognized as the driving force behind the Chipko movement, a nonviolent grassroots movement known for its efforts to protect trees in India, particularly against deforestation. He encouraged villagers to embrace the trees by hugging them to prevent their felling.

Wells are primarily supplied by groundwater. Rainwater seeps into the ground, replenishing the underground water reserves. This water, known as groundwater, is then extracted by wells.

Natural gas is widely used for cooking and generating electricity. Its versatility and efficiency make it a popular fuel source for household heating, industrial processes, and power plants.

A traditional water harvesting system prevalent in Rajasthan and Gujarat, stepwells are deep, vertical wells with steps descending to the water level. They collect rainwater and water seeping from nearby sources, serving as a valuable water source.

Coal is a primary fuel used in power plants to generate electricity. Its abundance and relatively low cost make it a significant source of energy worldwide.

Xenon (Xe), Krypton (Kr), Neon (Ne), and Helium (He) are present in trace amounts within the air, collectively comprising 0.02% of the atmosphere. They are categorized as inert gases due to their unreactive nature.

Air is a substance that occupies space. It has physical properties like volume and weight, demonstrating its presence and tangible nature.

Clay particles are the smallest among sand, silt, and clay.

Sandy soil has the largest particles, making it loose and unable to hold water well. This makes it challenging for plant roots to access water.

Silt soil is made up of particles smaller than sand but larger than clay. It's easily transported by water and found near rivers and lakes.

Loamy soil is a mix of sand, silt, and clay, offering the best balance of drainage and nutrient retention.

Terrace farming creates steps on hillsides to prevent soil erosion and manage water flow.

Water conservation and reducing soil erosion are significant benefits of terrace farming.

The three main components of soil are solid matter, air, and water.

Water sources include bodies of water like lakes and underground reservoirs.

Rocks expand when exposed to heat and contract when exposed to cold, leading to cracks that eventually cause the rock to break apart.

Wind and water can wear down rocks over time, causing them to break into smaller pieces. This process is called weathering.

Microscopic organisms, called microbes, break down rocks by releasing acids and enzymes. This process helps create soil particles.

Decomposed dead plants and animals add nutrients and organic matter to the soil, making it fertile and suitable for plant growth.

Humus is decomposed organic matter that makes the soil porous, improving its water and air holding capacity. It's rich in nutrients essential for plant growth.

It takes a very long time for soil to form. It takes about 500 to 1000 years to form just one inch of topsoil.

Soil consists of five key ingredients: minerals (clay, silt, sand), organic matter, living organisms, gases, and water.

Forests are vital for our survival, providing oxygen, reducing noise pollution, preventing floods, offering food and medicine, and being a habitat for wildlife.