Natural Resources and Environmental Science
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Questions and Answers

What is one of the benefits of terrace farming?

  • Improves crop yield in flatlands
  • Reduces the need for irrigation
  • Allows farming on hilly areas (correct)
  • Increases the area for wildlife habitats

    • Shelterbelts can help reduce wind speed and protect crops from wind erosion.

    True

    What is a shelterbelt?

    A barrier of trees and shrubs that provides protection from wind and storm.

    Terrace farming helps retain soil cover and __________.

    <p>fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Terrace farming = Farming method for hilly areas Shelterbelt = Barrier to protect from erosion Wind erosion = Loss of soil due to wind Soil fertility = Nutrient content of soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most of the water is found in __________ and __________.

    <p>oceans, seas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a weeklong event celebrated across the country during the month of July?

    <p>Van Mahotsav</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Saline water is suitable for agricultural use.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are natural agents that help in turning and loosening the soil?

    <p>Earthworms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cleaner fuel than petrol or diesel?

    <p>CNG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following natural resources with their categories:

    <p>Ocean water = Non-renewable resource Earthworms = Natural agents Petroleum = Fossil fuel Solar panels = Renewable energy source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Resources that we get from nature are called _______________.

    <p>natural resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed by the disintegration of rocks by the actions of the sun, water, and living organisms?

    <p>Soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to rocks when they are exposed to heat?

    <p>They expand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cold causes rocks to expand.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do microbes play in the weathering of rocks?

    <p>Microbes secrete acids and enzymes to dissolve minerals and facilitate soil formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Humus is made up of ______ organic matter.

    <p>partially decayed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do mountaineers carry oxygen cylinders when climbing high mountains?

    <p>The availability of air decreases as altitude increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Forests are large areas with sparse growth of various types of plants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following natural elements to their benefits:

    <p>Trees = Provide oxygen Forests = Reduce floods Microorganisms = Decompose organic matter Humus = Increases soil fertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does it typically take to form 1 inch of soil?

    <p>500-1,000 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the full form of LPG?

    <p>Liquefied petroleum gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Soil consists of only two main components: minerals and organic matter.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rainwater and water from other sources such as rivers and ponds seep through the __________.

    <p>soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the five ingredients that compose soil?

    <p>Minerals, soil organic matter, living organisms, gas, and water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy is primarily used for cooking in the example provided?

    <p>Solar energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Increasing population leads to more open areas like parks and playgrounds.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of seeping water into the ground is called __________.

    <p>infiltration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following increases the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere?

    <p>Deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is recognized as the father of the Chipko movement?

    <p>Sunderlal Bahuguna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wells are primarily fed by rainwater.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of natural gas?

    <p>Cooking and generating electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The traditional water harvesting systems in Rajasthan are known as ______.

    <p>Bawadi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of coal?

    <p>The production of electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Xenon, Krypton, Neon, and Helium are present in traces in air and are collectively known as ______.

    <p>inert gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements with their classification within air:

    <p>Xenon = Inert gas Oxygen = Essential gas for life Nitrogen = Major component of air Carbon Dioxide = Greenhouse gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of soil is characterized as the densest and heaviest?

    <p>Clay soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Loamy soil is the worst type of soil for most plants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of soil is easily transported by moving currents?

    <p>Silt soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The smallest particle size in soil classification is _____ soil.

    <p>Clay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the soil types with their corresponding characteristics:

    <p>Sandy soil = Very low nutrients and poor water holding capacity Loamy soil = Best type for most plants Clay soil = Makes it hard for roots to absorb water Silt soil = Found near water bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is terrace farming primarily used for?

    <p>Creating farmable land on mountains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sandy soil has a high water holding capacity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the four types of soil.

    <p>Sandy soil, Silt soil, Clay soil, Loamy soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Water Resources

    • Most water is found in oceans and seas.
    • Saline water is unsuitable for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use.

    Step-wells

    • Step-wells, known as Bawadi in Rajasthan and Vav in Gujarat, are built for water harvesting.

    Solar Energy

    • Solar panels capture the sun's energy and produce electricity.
    • Van Mahotsav is a weeklong event celebrated across the country in July.

    Soil

    • Earthworms are natural agents that help turn and loosen soil.
    • Soil is formed by the disintegration of rocks, actions of the sun, water, and living organisms.
    • Soil is a precious treasure that supports biodiversity.

    Building Material

    • Laterite can be used as a building material.

    Fossil Fuels

    • Gasoline, diesel, and kerosene are derived from petroleum.
    • CNG is a cleaner fuel than petrol or diesel.

    Natural Resources

    • Resources obtained from nature are called natural resources.
    • Renewable resources are replenished within a reasonable period of time.

    Carbon Dioxide Levels

    • Deforestation increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

    Chipko Movement

    • Sunderlal Bahuguna is the father of the Chipko movement.

    Natural Gas

    • The primary use of natural gas is for cooking and generating electricity.

    Water Harvesting Systems

    • Traditional water harvesting systems in Rajasthan and Gujarat include step wells (Bawadi in Rajasthan and Vav in Gujarat).
    • These wells collect rainwater and water seeping from nearby sources like lakes and rivers.

    Coal

    • Coal is primarily used for the production of electricity.

    Oxygen in the Air

    • Increasing oxygen in the atmosphere makes air more combustible, allowing substances to undergo faster oxidation.

    Air Properties

    • Air occupies space and is present everywhere around us.
    • Air has no color and can be seen through.

    Air Components

    • Xenon, Krypton, Neon and Helium are present in traces in the air, and are called inert gases.

    Forests

    • Forests are large areas with a dense growth of trees, shrubs, and herbs.
    • Forests are home to many wild animals, birds, and insects.
    • Forests provide food, shelter, and a home to wildlife.

    LPG and CNG

    • LPG stands for Liquefied Petroleum Gas
    • CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas

    Cooking Energy

    • Solar energy is used for cooking in the given image.

    Soil Formation

    • Soil formation or pedogenesis begins with the gradual breakdown of rocks through weathering.

    Weathering

    • Weathering of rocks is caused by physical, chemical, and biological factors, including water, wind, sun, and living organisms.

    Effect of Heat and Cold on Rocks

    • Repeated heating and cooling cause rocks to expand and contract, leading to cracks and eventually breaking them apart.

    Effect of Wind and Water on Rocks

    • Wind and water can cause rocks to break down into smaller pieces (weathering).

    Role of Microbes in Weathering

    • Microbes secrete acids and enzymes that dissolve minerals to create soil from weathered rocks.

    Degradation of Dead Plants and Animals

    • Microorganisms decompose dead plants and animals, creating organic compounds that mix with rock particles to form soil.

    Humus

    • Humus is partially decayed organic matter, enhancing soil porosity and water retention.
    • Humus is rich in nutrients beneficial to plant growth.

    Topsoil Formation Time

    • It takes 500-1000 years to form 1 inch of topsoil.

    Soil Composition

    • Soil is made of minerals, organic matter, living organisms, gas, and water.
    • Soil minerals are categorized into clay, silt, and sand.

    Terrace Farming

    • Terrace farming carves steps into mountainous regions to create farmable land.
    • This method reduces water flow, preventing soil erosion, allowing for increased food production in potentially unusable land with improved soil quality.

    Shelter Belts

    • Shelter belts are barriers of trees and shrubs used for protection from wind & storms.
    • They reduce wind speed, protect crops, livestock, and people, and mitigate wind erosion.

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    Description

    This quiz covers various topics related to natural resources, including water resources, soil formation, and renewable energy sources. Explore the importance of these resources, their applications, and how they contribute to sustainability. Test your knowledge on elements like step-wells, fossil fuels, and solar energy!

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