Native American Origin Stories

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason that the first inhabitants of the Americas migrated across the Beringia land bridge?

  • To spread their cultural traditions
  • To establish trade networks
  • To escape harsh weather conditions
  • In search of food (correct)

What is the result of the glaciers melting and the formation of the Bering Strait?

  • The creation of a new land bridge
  • Water engulfing the Beringia region (correct)
  • The formation of the Americas
  • The separation of North and South America

What is the significance of the genetic markers on a Y chromosome shared by Asians and Native Americans?

  • It indicates that Native Americans had no contact with Asian populations
  • It proves that Native Americans originated from within the Americas
  • It supports the migration theory from Asia to the Americas (correct)
  • It shows that the Aztecs were a highly complex civilization

What was the outcome of the agricultural revolution in the Americas?

<p>The growth of populations and the establishment of permanent settlements (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recent research on the west coast of South America suggesting?

<p>That migrant populations may have traveled down this coast by water as well as by land (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the timeframe in which humans began to domesticate plants and animals in the Americas?

<p>About 10,000 years ago (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary crop that formed the basis of the Mesoamericans' diet?

<p>Maize (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the common feature of the Mesoamerican gods?

<p>They possessed both male and female traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the pyramid in La Venta?

<p>As a center for astronomical observations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the trade network established by the Olmec?

<p>The rise of an elite class (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the characteristic of the giant head sculptures carved by the Olmec?

<p>They had flat noses, slightly crossed eyes, and large lips (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the city of Teotihuacan?

<p>It was one of the largest population centers in pre-Columbian America (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the common feature of the Mesoamerican cultures?

<p>They were all polytheistic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the aqueducts built by the Olmec?

<p>To transport water into their cities and irrigate their fields (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the feathered serpent in Mesoamerican cultures?

<p>It was a god worshipped by the Olmec, Maya, and Aztecs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the abundance of food in Teotihuacan?

<p>The development of special trades and skills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the written mathematical system devised by the Maya?

<p>To record crop yields and population sizes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the number of stairs in El Castillo, a temple at Chichen Itza?

<p>It represented the number of days in a year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Bishop Diego de Landa fear in the 16th century?

<p>That the converted Native people had reverted to their traditional religious practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the city ruled by Emperor Moctezuma when Hernán Cortés arrived in the 16th century?

<p>Tenochtitlán (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Aztecs construct their farms?

<p>They constructed barges made of reeds and filled them with fertile soil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the labor force used to build the city of Tenochtitlán?

<p>Enslaved people from subjugated neighboring tribes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main feature of the city of Tenochtitlán's infrastructure?

<p>A well-planned and clean urban environment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the three causeways that connected Tenochtitlán to the mainland?

<p>To allow for the transportation of goods and people (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was unique about the Aztecs' bathing habits compared to the Spanish?

<p>They bathed daily (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approximate population of Tenochtitlán when Hernán Cortés arrived in 1519?

<p>200,000 inhabitants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What system of communication did the Inca people use?

<p>A system of knots and colored strings called the quipu (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of the peasants in the Inca society?

<p>To provide labor and crops to the ruling class (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the mita in the Inca society?

<p>A system of public works projects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the sun god Inti in the Inca society?

<p>The god of the sun (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the huge storehouses in the Inca society?

<p>To store food for times of need (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Machu Picchu in the Inca society?

<p>A city built for religious ceremonial purposes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was unique about the construction of the walls and buildings in Machu Picchu?

<p>They were built using only human labor and no mortar (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main difference between the North American Native cultures and the Mayan, Aztec, and Incan societies?

<p>The North American Native cultures were more dispersed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the introduction of horses by the Spanish in the North American Native cultures?

<p>It allowed the Plains Natives to easily follow and hunt the huge herds of bison (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the Pueblo people known for?

<p>Their permanent stone-and-mud buildings with thatched roofs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of women in many major Native societies in the east?

<p>They had both power and influence. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary difference between Native American and European views on land ownership?

<p>Native Americans did not practice private ownership, while Europeans did. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the typical role of men in many Native American societies?

<p>They hunted, fished, and provided protection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the impact of European contact on Native American gender roles?

<p>It resulted in the loss of power and influence for women. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the 'floating gardens' used for in the Aztec civilization?

<p>For irrigation and farming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the typical role of women in many Native American societies?

<p>They cultivated crops, harvested nuts, and raised children. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of geographical landmarks in Native American societies?

<p>They were used to identify hunting grounds. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the daily ritual human sacrifices in the Aztec civilization?

<p>To appease the gods and maintain the balance of nature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Aztec priest do to the sacrificial victim during the ritual?

<p>Cut open the chest and removed the still-beating heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Aztecs believe was necessary to keep the gods strong and well?

<p>Human blood, the ultimate sacrifice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the old man from Xochimilco predict to Moctezuma about the coming of the Spanish?

<p>Men would come in a great wooden house with round coverings on their heads (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Moctezuma receive ten years before the arrival of the Spanish?

<p>Several omens which he could not interpret (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the language spoken by the Inca?

<p>Quechua (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approximate length of the Inca Empire?

<p>Twenty-five hundred miles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the system of communication used by the Inca?

<p>A system of colored strings and knots (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was unique about the Inca road system?

<p>It was built with steep steps to ascend the Andes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a distinctive feature of the Hohokam's artistic style for painting bowls?

<p>Finely drawn geometric figures and wildlife in black on a white background (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the extensive irrigation system built by the Hohokam?

<p>To irrigate the desert and grow crops (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of houses did the Anasazi build in the high desert of New Mexico?

<p>Homes carved from steep cliffs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the roads built by the Anasazi?

<p>They connected the Pueblos' smaller urban centers to each other and to Chaco Canyon (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the Indigenous culture that lived in the present-day Ohio River Valley?

<p>Hopewell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary material used in the construction of Hopewell houses?

<p>Woven lattice branches with wet mud (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the trade routes developed by the Hopewell people?

<p>They connected the Hopewell people to other tribes and facilitated trade (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the approximate population of the city of Cahokia at its height?

<p>More than 10,000 residents (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the earthen mounds or pyramids in Cahokia?

<p>They were centers of political and trading activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary difference between the Native peoples living east of the Mississippi and those living in the west?

<p>The eastern Native peoples lived in smaller, autonomous clans or tribal units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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