Nationalism in the Middle East Flashcards

Questions and Answers

How did Mustafa Kemal differ from Abd al-Aziz Ibn Saud?

Kemal made Turkey a more traditional nation, while Ibn Saud modernized Saudi Arabia.

Kemal created a hereditary monarchy in Turkey, while Ibn Saud maintained Islamic law in Saudi Arabia.

Kemal maintained Islamic law in Turkey, while Ibn Saud created a hereditary monarchy in Saudi Arabia.

Kemal modernized Turkey, while Ibn Saud made Saudi Arabia a more traditional nation. (correct)

How did Reza Pahlavi differ from Ayatollah Khomeini?

Pahlavi pushed for westernization in Iran, while Khomeini brought about religious reform in that nation. (correct)

Pahlavi united the tribes of Persia, while Khomeini pushed for rights for the women of Iran.

Pahlavi brought about religious reform in Iran, while Khomeini pushed for Westernization in that nation.

Pahlavi pushed for rights for the women of Iran, while Khomeini united the tribes of Persia.

In the 1940s and 1950s, pan-Arabism grew in the Middle East in response to

A decrease in Arab nationalism.

European conquest and colonialism.

The division of the Ottoman Empire.

Growing influence from Western nations. (correct)

How did Iran change under Ayatollah Khomeini?

Religious leaders created official policy. Signup and view all the answers

The Arab League was an organization established in 1945 to

Coordinate political goals among six Arab nations. Signup and view all the answers

Which statements describe the shah's rule of Iran in the 1950s and 1960s? Check all that apply.

He suppressed free speech and other civil liberties. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes Hamas?

Hamas is a Palestinian group that opposes Israeli rule. Signup and view all the answers

Today, the fundamentalist movement in the Middle East calls for

Adherence to Islamic political traditions. Signup and view all the answers

Who pushed the British out of Persia in the 1920s?

Reza Pahlavi Signup and view all the answers

What was one reform that helped transform Turkey in the 1920s?

The nation granted women the right to vote. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nationalism in the Middle East

Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) modernized Turkey through reforms, while Abd al-Aziz Ibn Saud focused on traditionalism in Saudi Arabia.
Reza Pahlavi advocated for Westernization in Iran, contrasting with Ayatollah Khomeini's call for religious reforms.
In the mid-20th century, pan-Arabism gained momentum in response to European colonialism and growing Western influence in the Middle East.
Under Ayatollah Khomeini, Iran saw the establishment of official policies by religious leaders, impacting governance and societal structure.
The Arab League, formed in 1945, aimed to coordinate political goals among Arab nations and combat colonial influences.
The shah's regime in Iran (1950s-1960s) emphasized industrialization, restricted civil liberties, engaged in lucrative oil agreements, and implemented land reforms.
Hamas, as a Palestinian group, emerged as an opposition force against Israeli rule, shaping the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
The fundamentalist movement in the Middle East emphasizes adherence to Islamic political traditions rather than Western ideologies.
Reza Pahlavi played a pivotal role in expelling British influence from Persia during the 1920s.
Turkey granted women the right to vote in the 1920s, reflecting significant social reforms initiated by Mustafa Kemal.

Description

Explore the contrasts between Mustafa Kemal and Abd al-Aziz Ibn Saud in this quiz. Understand how Kemal modernized Turkey while Ibn Saud upheld traditional values in Saudi Arabia. Delve into key historical concepts that shaped nationalism in the Middle East.