Questions and Answers
Which of the following factors was NOT a key contributor to the rise of nationalism in India?
What was a major consequence of the Indian Rebellion of 1857?
Which organization was founded in 1885 to promote Indian interests and unity?
Who was a prominent leader of the early nationalist movement in India?
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Which movement involved the boycott of foreign goods and the promotion of Indian industries?
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What was the main tactic employed by Mahatma Gandhi in his movement for Indian independence?
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What was a key demand of the Quit India Movement?
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What significant event occurred on August 15, 1947?
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Study Notes
Definition and Emergence
- Nationalism in India refers to the movement that sought to unite the people of India and free the country from British colonial rule.
- Emerged in the late 19th century, particularly after the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Factors Contributing to the Rise of Nationalism
-
Economic Factors:
- Exploitation of Indian resources by the British East India Company.
- Drain of wealth from India to Britain.
- Destruction of Indian industries and economy.
-
Social Factors:
- Rising education and awareness among Indians.
- Exposure to Western ideas of liberty, equality, and democracy.
- Growing sense of unity among different regions and communities.
-
Political Factors:
- British policies of divide and rule.
- Unjust treatment of Indians by the British.
- Inspiration from international movements and events (e.g., American and French Revolutions).
Early Nationalists (1857-1905)
- Indian National Congress (INC): Founded in 1885 by A.O. Hume, an Englishman, with the aim of promoting Indian interests and unity.
-
Notable Leaders:
- R.C. Dutt
- Dadabhai Naoroji
- Gopal Krishna Gokhale
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Extremist Phase (1905-1918)
- Swadeshi Movement: Boycott of foreign goods and promotion of Indian industries.
-
Notable Leaders:
- Bal Gangadhar Tilak
- Bipin Chandra Pal
- Lala Lajpat Rai
- Aurobindo Ghosh
- Split in the Indian National Congress: Moderates vs. Extremists (1907)
Gandhian Era (1918-1947)
- Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922): Led by Mahatma Gandhi, emphasizing non-violent resistance and civil disobedience.
- Salt Satyagraha (1930): Gandhi's march to Dandi to protest the salt tax.
- Quit India Movement (1942): Demanding immediate independence from British rule.
Achievements and Legacy
- Independence of India: August 15, 1947
- Unification of India: Integration of princely states and formation of a single nation.
- Influence on World Politics: Inspiration to other nationalist movements globally.
Definition and Emergence of Nationalism in India
- Nationalism in India seeks to unite people and free the country from British colonial rule.
- Emerged in the late 19th century, particularly after the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Factors Contributing to the Rise of Nationalism
- Economic exploitation of Indian resources by the British East India Company.
- Drain of wealth from India to Britain.
- Destruction of Indian industries and economy.
- Growing education and awareness among Indians.
- Exposure to Western ideas of liberty, equality, and democracy.
- Growing sense of unity among different regions and communities.
- British policies of divide and rule.
- Unjust treatment of Indians by the British.
- Inspiration from international movements and events (e.g., American and French Revolutions).
Early Nationalists (1857-1905)
- Indian National Congress (INC) founded in 1885 by A.O.Hume to promote Indian interests and unity.
- Notable leaders: R.C.Dutt, Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
Extremist Phase (1905-1918)
- Swadeshi Movement: boycott of foreign goods and promotion of Indian industries.
- Notable leaders: Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, and Aurobindo Ghosh.
- Split in the Indian National Congress: Moderates vs. Extremists (1907).
Gandhian Era (1918-1947)
- Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922): non-violent resistance and civil disobedience led by Mahatma Gandhi.
- Salt Satyagraha (1930): Gandhi's march to Dandi to protest the salt tax.
- Quit India Movement (1942): demanding immediate independence from British rule.
Achievements and Legacy
- Independence of India: August 15, 1947.
- Unification of India: integration of princely states and formation of a single nation.
- Influence on world politics: inspiration to other nationalist movements globally.
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Description
Nationalism in India refers to the movement that sought to unite the people of India and free the country from British colonial rule. Learn about the emergence and factors contributing to its rise.
