National Service Training Program (NSTP)

National Service Training Program (NSTP)

• NSTP aims to instill civic consciousness and defense readiness in Filipino youth.
• It cultivates ethics of service and patriotism through training in program components.
• These components are designed to enhance student participation in nation-building.
• Republic Act No. 9163, the NSTP Law, was enacted on January 23, 2002, by former President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo.
• The law consolidates House Bill No. 3593 and Senate Bill No. 1824, which were passed on December 19, 2001.
• Since the school year 2002-2003, ROTC became optional, allowing students to choose from ROTC, LTS, and CWTS to meet graduation requirements.

NSTP Components

• Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) provides military training to motivate, equip, organize, and mobilize youth for national defense preparedness, instilling patriotism, moral values, respect for civilian rights, and adherence to the Constitution, as per Republic Act No. 7077 Sections 38 and 39.
• Literacy Training Services (LTS) trains students to teach literacy and numeracy to school children, out-of-school youth, and other community members in need.
• Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) actively involves students in activities that contribute to the general welfare and betterment of the community, enhancing facilities and improving health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety, recreation, and morals.
• The Department of National Defense (DND), Commission on Higher Education (CHED), and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) oversee the implementation and monitoring of NSTP, ensuring the program aligns with the revised Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of November 13, 2009.

Values and the Constitution

• The Preamble to the 1987 Constitution seeks to build a just and humane society, establish a government embodying national ideals, promote the common good, conserve national patrimony, and secure independence, democracy, and the rule of law.
• Sixteen Filipino values are enshrined in the Preamble.
• Filipino values guide the nation and provide the framework for the Constitution.
• These values should be instilled in children to develop citizens who are “maka-Diyos, maka-tao, maka-bayan, and maka-kalikasan” (pro-God, pro-people, pro-country, and pro-environment).

Drug Abuse

• A drug is a chemical substance causing physical, emotional, or behavioral changes.
• Any drug taken in excess is harmful.
• Some drugs are harmful in combination or to allergic individuals, even in small doses.
• Drug abuse involves using licit or illicit chemical substances, leading to physical, mental, or social impairment.
• Drug abuse includes using drugs without prescription, using them for unintended purposes, or using drugs with no legitimate medical application outside of research.
• Reasons for drug use include perceived problem-solving abilities, widespread access, peer pressure, and the false notion of enjoyment or use as an alcohol substitute.

Commonly Used Drugs

• Stimulants increase alertness: examples include Amphetamine, Cocaine, Caffeine and Nicotine.
• Hallucinogens affect sensation, thinking, self-awareness, and emotion: examples include LSD, Mescaline and Marijuana.
• Sedatives reduce anxiety and excitement: examples include Barbiturates, Non-barbiturates, Tranquilizers and Alcohol.
• Narcotics relieve pain and induce sleep: examples include Opium, Morphine, Codeine and Heroin.

Ecstasy (MDMA)

• MDMA is a synthetic amphetamine-related substance, scientifically known as 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine.

Physiological Effects of MDMA

• Physiological effects include muscle tension, involuntary teeth clenching, nausea, blurred vision, rapid eye movement, hallucinations, irritability, faintness, chills, sweating, sleeping problems, appetite loss, increased heart rate, body temperature, blood pressure, liver and heart damage, and brain hemorrhage.

Psychological Effects of MDMA

• Positive psychological effects include extreme mood lifts, increased communication, increased energy, ego softening, comfort, belongingness, love, empathy, forgiveness, heightened musical and sensory awareness, profound spiritual experiences, fear dissolution, and the urge to hug and kiss people.
• Negative effects include inappropriate emotional bonding, saying things one might regret, depression, fatigue, confusion, drug craving, and severe anxiety and paranoia.

Long-Term Effects of MDMA

• Long-term effects include psychosis, arrhythmia, similar effects to amphetamines, psychological dependence, and depression.

Short-Term Effects of MDMA

• Short-term effects include restlessness, anxiety, pronounced visual and auditory hallucinations at larger doses, increased blood pressure and heart rate, nausea, and vomiting.

Signs and Symptoms of MDMA Use

• Signs and symptoms include poor appetite, disturbed sleeping patterns, erratic behavior, and suspiciousness

Profile of MDMA Users

• Users often include "Class A" people, "Yuppies" (young urban professionals), spoiled individuals, recreational drug users (party goers, night owls) aged 20 to 40.

Marijuana

• Marijuana, also known as grass, pot, or weed, is derived from Cannabis sativa, containing the psychoactive ingredient tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

Immediate Effects of Marijuana

• Immediate effects include faster heartbeat and pulse rate, bloodshot eyes, dry mouth and throat, altered sense of time/disorientation, forgetfulness/inability to think, and impaired reflexes, coordination, and concentration.
• Users may experience "acute panic anxiety reaction" with extreme fear of losing control.

Long-Term Effects of Marijuana

• Long-term effects include chest pain, irregular menstrual cycles, temporary loss of fertility, premature babies/low birth weights, cancer, and marijuana "burn-out" (dull, slow moving, inattentive).

Penalties for MDMA Possession

• Possessing 10 grams of MDMA, regardless of purity, including illegal manufacture, sale, administration, dispensing, distribution, delivery, and transportation, carries a penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging from Php 500,000.00 to Php 10,000,000.00, unless authorized by law.

Waste Management Principles

• Reduce waste generation by using reusable shopping bags and products.
• Reuse materials safely, such as through handicrafts or upcycling.
• Recycle waste by melting or chopping and reforming into new products, which may decline in quality.
• Recover energy or new materials from non-recyclable waste through processing.
• Dispose of waste byproducts from the recovery process, like ash, in landfills to avoid environmental damage.