National Child Labour Project Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of the National Child Labour Project (NCLP) scheme?

  • To eliminate child employment completely
  • To provide financial aid to families with working children
  • To rehabilitate working children and provide education (correct)
  • To increase child labour in endemic districts

The National Child Labour Policy was announced in 1998.

False (B)

How many districts are currently covered under the National Child Labour Project scheme?

266

Under the NCLP scheme, children are withdrawn from work and put into special __________.

<p>schools</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the National Child Labour Policy with their descriptions:

<p>Legislative action plan = Enforces laws against child labour General development programmes = Aims to support families of child labourers Project-based action plan = Targets areas with high child labour prevalence Vocational training = Equips children with skills for employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best defines child labour?

<p>Work that is harmful to a child's physical and mental well-being (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Child labour only affects children's physical health.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why some industries may employ children?

<p>To cut down on labour costs due to lower wage demands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Child labour is legally prohibited for children of a certain ________ group.

<p>age</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms related to child labour with their descriptions:

<p>Child Labour = Work that deprives children of their childhood Exploitation = Using children for financial gain Socially harmful work = Work that affects children's social development Legally prohibited activities = Work that is not allowed for children</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the responsibilities of society in relation to child labour?

<p>To ensure every child is protected from exploitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of Sustainable Development Goal 8.7?

<p>To eradicate child labour (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is only the responsibility of parents to eliminate child labour.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The National Policy on Child Labour was formulated in 1997.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age limit for children to be employed in factories according to the Constitution of India?

<p>Fourteen years</p> Signup and view all the answers

The article in the Constitution providing for the right to education is Article ____.

<p>21A</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following constitutional articles with their descriptions:

<p>Article 21A = Right to Education Article 24 = Prohibition of Employment of Children Article 23 = Right against Exploitation Article 39(e) = Right to Work in Just and Favorable Conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recognized as the main cause of child labour?

<p>Poverty (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Government initiatives include providing supplementary nutrition and regular health checks for children.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the government initiatives aimed at reducing child labour?

<p>Creating employment opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

Children are prohibited from being employed in hazardous ____ and processes.

<p>occupations</p> Signup and view all the answers

The aim of the government initiatives regarding child labour includes:

<p>Eradicating poverty (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986?

<p>To prohibit and regulate child labour in specified occupations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act bans the employment of children under the age of 14 in all jobs without exceptions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one committee that contributed to the formulation of the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986.

<p>Gurupadaswamy Committee or Sanat Mehta Committee</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 specifies the prohibition of child labour in _____ occupations and _____ processes.

<p>18, 65</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment was introduced to further amend the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act in December 2012?

<p>Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2012 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Penalties for employing children in violation of the Child Labour Act are established and regulated by the Act.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as a 'child' in the context of the Child Labour Act?

<p>A person who has not completed their 14th year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Act aims to bring uniformity in the definition of the _____ in related laws.

<p>child</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following committees with their related contributions:

<p>National Commission on Labour = Deliberations on child labour policies Gurupadaswamy Committee = Recommendations for child labour prohibition Sanat Mehta Committee = Proposed amendments to child labour legislation Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act = Legal framework to regulate child labour</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary objective of the Indian Factories Act of 1881?

<p>To limit working hours for children (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Minimum Wages Act, 1948 is the first protective legislation for child labour in India.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the Children (Pledging of Labour) Act enacted?

<p>1933</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ Act, enacted in 1986, specifically focuses on the prohibition and regulation of child labour.

<p>Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following acts with their year of enactment:

<p>Factories Act = 1948 Children (Pledging of Labour) Act = 1933 Employment of Children Act = 1938 Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act = 1986</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which act regulates the employment conditions for workers in mines?

<p>Mines Act (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Plantations Labour Act was established in 1951 and focuses on the conditions of child labour specifically.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one of the reasons behind the implementation of child labour laws in India.

<p>To prevent economic necessity forcing children into unsuitable jobs</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ Act of 1961 regulates the conditions of transport workers.

<p>Motor Transport Workers'</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant impact of the Indian Factories Act of 1881 on children's employment?

<p>It provided holidays for children (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is child labor?

Work that is harmful to a child's physical, mental, and emotional development, depriving them of their childhood and potential.

What are some examples of child labor?

Child labor can involve working long hours, performing dangerous tasks, or being denied access to education.

Is child labor legal?

It is illegal to employ children in certain types of work and is considered a violation of children's rights.

Who is responsible for preventing child labor?

Parents, governments, and society all have a responsibility to protect children from exploitation.

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What is the practice of exploiting children for cheap labor?

Exploiting children for cheap labor, ignoring their well-being and potential.

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How does child labor affect a child's education?

Child labor can deprive children of the opportunity to attend and participate fully in school, leading to limited education and future opportunities.

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What is an example of child labor that is legally prohibited ?

Work that is legally prohibited for children due to its dangers or potential harm.

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National Policy on Child Labour

A national strategy aiming to eradicate child labor in India.

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Article 21A of the Constitution

The legal document in India guaranteeing free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 years.

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Prohibition of Child Employment in Factories

A law that prohibits employing children under 14 years old in factories, mines, or other risky jobs.

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Poverty

The main cause of child labor in India, according to the government's understanding.

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Government Initiatives for Employment

Government initiatives designed to create job opportunities for adults, aiming to address the root cause of child labor.

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Supplementary Nutrition and Health Check-ups

Support programs providing nutritional meals and regular health checks to children.

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Preparing Children for Mainstream Schools

The objective of providing children with essential skills and knowledge to transition to mainstream schools and eventually join the workforce.

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Sustainable Development Goal 8.7

One of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aimed at eliminating child labor by 2025.

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Eradication of Child Labor

The commitment to address and eliminate child labor as part of the ongoing efforts in India.

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Indian Factories Act, 1881

The first law in India to protect child labor, passed in 1881.

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Indian Factories Act, 1881 - Key Provisions

This act prohibits children under 7 years old from working, limits working hours for children, and provides for holidays and rest periods.

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Legal Protection for Children - India

The Indian government passed this law to protect children from forced labor in various occupations.

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The Children (Pledging of Labour) Act, 1933

This act was passed in India in 1933 to address the issue of children being forced into labor contracts.

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The Employment of Children Act, 1938

This act regulates the employment of children in India, passed in 1938.

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Minimum Wages Act, 1948

These laws provide minimum wage standards for workers, including children, to ensure fair compensation for their labor.

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The Factories Act, 1948

This act sets standards for working conditions in factories across India, including protections for children.

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The Plantations Labour Act, 1951

This specific law addresses child labor in plantations, ensuring their protection and fair working conditions.

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The Mines Act, 1952

This comprehensive legislation regulates the employment of children in mining, setting standards for their safety and well-being.

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Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986

This act focuses on child labor in various industries, with a particular emphasis on protecting children from hazardous work.

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What is the structure of the National Child Labour Policy in India?

It comprises of a plan with legislative action, general development programs for families, and project-based action in areas with a high concentration of child labor.

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What is the National Child Labour Project (NCLP)?

A scheme launched in 1988 to rehabilitate working children, it has expanded to include over 260 districts in India.

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How does the NCLP help working children?

The NCLP offers children special schools with bridging education, vocational training, meals, stipends, and healthcare. This support is then followed by integration into the formal education system.

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How is the NCLP implemented at the district level?

Project societies led by District Collectors are established at the district level to oversee the implementation of the NCLP scheme.

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What is the Government's approach to tackling child labor in India?

The government combines strict enforcement of laws against child labor with measures like the NCLP to rehabilitate working children.

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Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act (1986)

An act passed in India to prohibit the employment of children under 14 years old in hazardous occupations and to regulate the working conditions of children in other sectors.

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National Commission on Labour (1966-1969)

A government committee established in 1966 to study issues related to labor in India, including child labor.

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Sanat Mehta Committee (1984)

A committee formed in 1984 to specifically address child labor concerns in India and recommend policy changes.

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Gurupadaswamy Committee on Child Labour (1979)

A committee established in 1979 to investigate and recommend solutions for child labor issues in India.

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Schedule of Banned Occupations and Processes

A list of 18 occupations and 65 work processes where children under 14 are prohibited from working.

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Adding to the Schedule of Banned Occupations or Processes

The act of making additions to the list of prohibited occupations or processes under the Child Labour Act.

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Regulating the Working Conditions of Children

The process of regulating the working conditions of children in occupations where they are allowed to work, ensuring safe and fair treatment.

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Penalties for Violating the Child Labour Act

Penalties imposed for violating the provisions of the Child Labour Act, including fines and imprisonment.

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Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2012

The amendment introduced in 2012 to further strengthen the Child Labour Act by expanding the list of prohibited occupations and processes.

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Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2012

The amendment introduced in 2012 to further strengthen the Child Labour Act by expanding the list of prohibited occupations and processes, including activities like mining.

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Study Notes

Introduction

  • Children are vital to the future, with potential for intellectual, physical, and social growth.
  • Extreme economic hardship can force children into exploitative, hazardous work.
  • Parents may send children to work due to poverty to support the family.
  • Child labor negatively impacts education, health, and safety.

Meaning of Child Labour

  • Child labor deprives children of their childhood, potential, and dignity.
  • Harmful if mentally, physically, socially, or morally dangerous.
  • Interferes with school attendance through excessively long working hours.
  • Exploiting children for financial gain.
  • Work that is socially, mentally, physically, or morally dangerous.

Causes of Child Labour

  • Poverty: Children from poor families may work to support their family financial strain, particularly in developing countries like India.
  • Low Aspirations: Some families and children believe that employment in simple jobs is the only available path for success.
  • High Demand for Unskilled Labor: Children who cannot perform complex tasks are often seen as a low-cost solution by employers.
  • Low Education levels: in many parts of the world, education isn't readily available leading to fewer opportunities to thrive.
  • Early Marriages: Early marriages are a factor in overpopulation, where children may have little option but to start working to support their growing family.

Consequences of Child Labour

  • Loss of Quality Childhood: Children miss out on the joy and experiences of childhood, creating an obstacle in a child's growth.
  • Health Issues: Poor working conditions, undernourishment, and physically demanding work cause health problems.
  • Mental Trauma: Bullying, sexual exploitation, and harsh treatment in the workplace cause severe trauma.
  • Illiteracy: Child labor prevents children from attending school, limiting their opportunities and future learning capabilities.

States with High Incidences of Child Labour

  • Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, and Madhya Pradesh have the highest rates of child labor.
  • Data reveals the significant burden of child labor in specific states.

Government Initiatives

  • National Policy on Child Labour: Created in 1987, setting the goal to prohibit hazardous occupations and processes, and support children's well-being and education.
  • Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986: This provides protective legislative measures and sets standards for child labor. This acts to curb and provide specific guidelines for working with children below the age of 18.
  • National Child Labour Project (NCLP): Aims to rehabilitate child laborers by providing education and other essential resources. This initiative helps children to transition back into society in a positive manner.
  • Judicial Efforts: The Supreme Court of India has played a role in setting standards for treating children and giving them legal protection and guidelines for welfare plans to help eradicate child labor.

Legislation for Child Labour in India

  • Multiple acts and regulations protect children from exploitation in a child's right to education and physical well-being.
  • The acts and policies aim to ban exploitation, regulate their work, and promote education and overall wellbeing.

Enforcement Figures on Child Labour

  • Enforcement statistics reveal a considerable number of inspections and legal actions aimed towards deterring child labor practice.
  • The numbers show considerable efforts to uphold the law.

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