Podcast
Questions and Answers
R2 translates the inside global address (209.165.200.226) to the inside local address (_______.10.10)
R2 translates the inside global address (209.165.200.226) to the inside local address (_______.10.10)
192.168
The outside global address of the web server is _______.201.1
The outside global address of the web server is _______.201.1
209.165
NAT includes four types of addresses: inside local, inside global, outside local, and outside _______.
NAT includes four types of addresses: inside local, inside global, outside local, and outside _______.
global
The inside local address is the address of the source as seen from _______ the network.
The inside local address is the address of the source as seen from _______ the network.
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The inside global address of PC1 is _______.165.200.226.
The inside global address of PC1 is _______.165.200.226.
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The _______ address is any address that appears on the outside portion of the network.
The _______ address is any address that appears on the outside portion of the network.
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An outside local address is the address of the destination as seen from the _______ network.
An outside local address is the address of the destination as seen from the _______ network.
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NAT terminology is applied from the perspective of the device with the _______ address.
NAT terminology is applied from the perspective of the device with the _______ address.
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Some packets do not contain a Layer 4 ______ number, such as ICMPv4 messages.
Some packets do not contain a Layer 4 ______ number, such as ICMPv4 messages.
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ICMPv4 uses the ______ ID to identify an echo request with its corresponding echo reply.
ICMPv4 uses the ______ ID to identify an echo request with its corresponding echo reply.
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Other ICMPv4 messages do not use the Query ______.
Other ICMPv4 messages do not use the Query ______.
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Protocols that do not use TCP or UDP port numbers vary and are beyond the ______ of this curriculum.
Protocols that do not use TCP or UDP port numbers vary and are beyond the ______ of this curriculum.
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In this Packet Tracer, you will complete the following ______: Investigate NAT operation across the intranet.
In this Packet Tracer, you will complete the following ______: Investigate NAT operation across the intranet.
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You will also investigate NAT operation across the ______.
You will also investigate NAT operation across the ______.
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In addition to investigating, you will conduct further ______.
In addition to investigating, you will conduct further ______.
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The section discusses NAT ______ and disadvantages.
The section discusses NAT ______ and disadvantages.
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NAT can alter packet ______ to assist with network translation.
NAT can alter packet ______ to assist with network translation.
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ICMPv4 query messages include a Query ______.
ICMPv4 query messages include a Query ______.
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The command show ip nat ______ displays all static translations that have been configured.
The command show ip nat ______ displays all static translations that have been configured.
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The verbose keyword, when added, provides additional ______ about each translation.
The verbose keyword, when added, provides additional ______ about each translation.
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Creating a dynamic NAT entry results in a corresponding ______ that maps the inside local address to an inside global address.
Creating a dynamic NAT entry results in a corresponding ______ that maps the inside local address to an inside global address.
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The outside global address is the actual address of the ______ as seen by the outside network.
The outside global address is the actual address of the ______ as seen by the outside network.
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Dynamic NAT entries can include a timeout value of ______ seconds before they expire.
Dynamic NAT entries can include a timeout value of ______ seconds before they expire.
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Static NAT is a one-to-one mapping between an inside address and an outside ____.
Static NAT is a one-to-one mapping between an inside address and an outside ____.
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Static NAT allows external devices to initiate connections to internal devices using the statically assigned public ____.
Static NAT allows external devices to initiate connections to internal devices using the statically assigned public ____.
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An internal web server may be mapped to a specific inside global ____ so that it is accessible from outside networks.
An internal web server may be mapped to a specific inside global ____ so that it is accessible from outside networks.
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When configuring static NAT translations, the first step is to create a mapping between the inside local address and the inside global ____.
When configuring static NAT translations, the first step is to create a mapping between the inside local address and the inside global ____.
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To configure static NAT, one must use the ____ command to associate the inside local address with the inside global address.
To configure static NAT, one must use the ____ command to associate the inside local address with the inside global address.
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The interfaces participating in the translation are configured as inside or outside relative to NAT with the ____ and ip nat outside commands.
The interfaces participating in the translation are configured as inside or outside relative to NAT with the ____ and ip nat outside commands.
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In the example configuration, the command used to map the inside local address 192.168.10.254 to the outside address 209.165.201.5 is ____.
In the example configuration, the command used to map the inside local address 192.168.10.254 to the outside address 209.165.201.5 is ____.
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The command 'ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252' configures the IP ____ for the interface.
The command 'ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252' configures the IP ____ for the interface.
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An interface configured with 'ip nat outside' indicates that it is positioned in the ____ segment of the NAT topology.
An interface configured with 'ip nat outside' indicates that it is positioned in the ____ segment of the NAT topology.
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Static NAT requires a mapping that is statically assigned, unlike dynamic NAT which can change over ____.
Static NAT requires a mapping that is statically assigned, unlike dynamic NAT which can change over ____.
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Dynamic NAT automatically maps inside local addresses to inside _______ addresses.
Dynamic NAT automatically maps inside local addresses to inside _______ addresses.
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In Dynamic NAT, if all addresses in the pool are in use, a device must wait for an available _______ before it can access the outside network.
In Dynamic NAT, if all addresses in the pool are in use, a device must wait for an available _______ before it can access the outside network.
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The pool of inside global addresses is available to any device on the inside network on a first-come, first-_______ basis.
The pool of inside global addresses is available to any device on the inside network on a first-come, first-_______ basis.
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When configuring dynamic NAT translations, the first step is to define the pool of addresses using the ip nat _______ command.
When configuring dynamic NAT translations, the first step is to define the pool of addresses using the ip nat _______ command.
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Static NAT allows for a one-to-one mapping of inside local addresses to inside _______ addresses.
Static NAT allows for a one-to-one mapping of inside local addresses to inside _______ addresses.
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Dynamic NAT uses a _______ of inside global addresses to translate local addresses.
Dynamic NAT uses a _______ of inside global addresses to translate local addresses.
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The first objective in the Packet Tracer is to test access without _______.
The first objective in the Packet Tracer is to test access without _______.
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Dynamic NAT is useful in networks where the number of inside local addresses exceeds the number of inside _______ addresses.
Dynamic NAT is useful in networks where the number of inside local addresses exceeds the number of inside _______ addresses.
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In the context of NAT, an outside local address is the address of the destination as seen from the outside _______.
In the context of NAT, an outside local address is the address of the destination as seen from the outside _______.
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NAT provides the capability for multiple devices on the inside network to share a single outside _______.
NAT provides the capability for multiple devices on the inside network to share a single outside _______.
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Study Notes
NAT Basics
- NAT (Network Address Translation) translates IP addresses from one address space to another.
- R2 translates the inside global address (209.165.200.226) to the inside local address (192.168.10.10) for forwarding to PC1.
NAT Address Types
- Inside Local Address: Source address as seen inside the network (e.g., 192.168.10.10).
- Inside Global Address: Address of the source as seen from the outside network (e.g., 209.165.200.226).
- Outside Local Address: Destination address as seen from inside the network.
- Outside Global Address: Address of the destination as seen from the outside network (e.g., 209.165.201.1).
Packets Without Layer 4 Segment
- Protocols without Layer 4 port numbers, like ICMPv4, have unique handling in NAT.
- ICMPv4 uses a Query ID in echo requests and replies for identification.
Static NAT
- Static NAT provides a one-to-one mapping between inside and outside addresses.
- Allows external devices to initiate connections to internal devices.
- Example: Mapping an internal web server to a designated public address (209.165.201.5).
Static NAT Configuration Steps
- Create a mapping using the command:
ip nat inside source static. - Define interfaces as inside or outside using
ip nat insideandip nat outside.
Dynamic NAT
- Dynamic NAT maps inside local addresses to a pool of inside global addresses automatically.
- Addresses are assigned on a first-come, first-served basis; devices wait for an available address if the pool is full.
Dynamic NAT Configuration Steps
- Define a pool of addresses using the command:
ip nat pool.
Verifying NAT Translations
- Use
show ip nat translationsto display static and dynamic translations. -
show ip nat translations verboseprovides additional details such as entry creation time and timeout duration.
Packet Tracer Activities
- Activities include investigating NAT operations across the intranet and internet, and configuring static NAT for testing access scenarios.
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Description
This quiz explores the concepts of Network Address Translation (NAT) for IPv4, including how R2 translates addresses from the NAT table. Understand the relationship between inside global and inside local addresses in this context. Test your knowledge on how NAT functions within IPv4 networks.
