NASM-CPT 7th Edition Chapter 7 Flashcards

A concept that describes the human body as a chain of interdependent links that work together to perform movement.

The concept describing the integrated functioning of multiple body systems or regions of the body.

<p>The science concerned with the internal and external forces acting on the human body and the effects produced by these forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Study of movement as it relates to anatomy and physiology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The position with the body erect, the arms at the sides, and the palms forward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement patterns that take the body through motions in more than one plane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An imaginary bisector that divides the body into left and right halves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A bending movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A straightening movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extension of a joint beyond the normal limit or range of motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flexion occurring at the ankle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Extension occurring at the ankle, pointing the foot downwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An imaginary bisector that divides the body into front and back halves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A movement in the frontal plane away from the midline of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement in the frontal plane back toward the midline of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bending of the spine from side to side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A movement in which the inferior calcaneus (heel bone) moves laterally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A movement in which the inferior calcaneus (heel bone) moves medially.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An imaginary bisector that divides the body into top and bottom halves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rotation of a body segment toward the middle of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rotation of a body segment away from the middle of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from an anterior position to a lateral position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from a lateral position to an anterior position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inward rotation of the forearm from a palm-up position to a palm-down position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Outward rotation of the forearm from a palm-down position to a palm-up position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multiplanar movement of the foot and ankle complex consisting of eversion, dorsiflexion, and ankle abduction; associated with force reduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Multiplanar movement of the foot and ankle complex consisting of inversion, plantar flexion, and ankle adduction; associated with force production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biomechanical motion of the lower extremities during walking, running, and sprinting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adduction of scapulae; shoulder blades move toward the midline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abduction of scapulae; shoulder blades move away from the midline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Downward (inferior) motion of the scapulae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Upward (superior) motion of the scapulae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability of soft tissues to return to resting length after being stretched.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fibrous connective tissue that connects bone to bone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The normal extensibility of soft tissues that allows for full range of motion of a joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A state where a lack of neuromuscular support leads to a joint having more range of motion than it should, greatly increasing the risk of injury at that joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When range of motion at a joint is limited.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A muscle action that occurs when a muscle develops tension while lengthening.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers that it innervates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Force is produced, muscle tension is developed, and movement occurs through a given range of motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a muscle is exerting force equal to the force being placed on it leading to no visible change in the muscle length.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eccentric motion moves in the same direction as the resistance moves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eccentric Motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concentric Motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A muscle action that occurs when a muscle is exerting force greater than the resistive force, resulting in a shortening of the muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The structures that make up the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex (LPHC), including the lumbar spine, pelvic girdle, abdomen, and hip joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The full range of eccentric, isometric, and concentric muscle contractions required to perform a movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary muscles providing force for a movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscles that assist agonists to produce a movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscles that contract isometrically to stabilize the trunk and joints as the body moves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a muscle is automatically activated in anticipation of a movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscles on the opposite side of a joint that are in direct opposition of agonist muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relatively closer to the midline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relatively farther away from the midline or toward the outside of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positioned on the opposite side of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positioned on the same side of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positioned on or toward the front of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positioned on or toward the back of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positioned nearest to the center of the body or other identified reference point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positioned farthest from the center of the body or other identified reference point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positioned below an identified reference point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positioned above an identified reference point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distal segments, such as a person's hands or feet, are fixed and remain in contact with a stationary surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distal segments (hands and feet) are not fixed, and they are free to move in space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An influence applied by one object to another, which results in an acceleration or deceleration of the second object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting length.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The length of a muscle when it is not actively contracting or being stretched.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thin, stringlike, myofilament that acts along with myosin to produce muscular contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thick myofilament that acts along with actin to produce muscular contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The structural unit of a myofibril composed of actin and myosin filaments between two Z-lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When all muscles surrounding a joint have optimal length-tension relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a muscle's resting length is too short or too long, reducing the amount of force it can produce.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When an agonist receives a signal to contract, its functional antagonist also receives an inhibitory signal allowing it to lengthen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Occurs when an overactive agonist muscle decreases the neural drive to its functional antagonist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When muscles on each side of a joint have altered length-tension relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The optimal resting position of a joint that allows it to function efficiently through its entire normal range of motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loading of a muscle eccentrically to prepare it for a rapid concentric contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Springlike noncontractile component of muscle and tendon that stores elastic energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The transition from eccentric loading to concentric unloading during the stretch-shortening cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurological signal from the muscle spindle that causes a muscle to contract to prevent excessive lengthening.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To move with efficiency, forces must be dampened (eccentrically), stabilized (isometrically), and then accelerated (concentrically).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inverse relationship between force and velocity, referring to a muscle's ability to produce tension at differing contraction velocities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The synergistic action of multiple muscles working together to produce movement around a joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscular stabilization systems located in joints distal of the spine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscles that generally attach on or near the vertebrae and serve the primary purpose of stabilizing the trunk of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscular system that is comprised of larger muscles that initiate movements and tend to function across one or more joints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscular system that includes muscles of the lower leg, hamstrings, and lower back region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscular system made up of the latissimus dorsi, thoracolumbar fascia, and contralateral gluteus maximus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscular system made up of the obliques, the adductor (inner) thigh muscles, and the hip external rotators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscular system that is made up of the lateral hip and medial thigh muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Movement of the bones around the joints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A force that produces rotation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Motor response to internal and external environmental stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How the central nervous system integrates internal and external sensory information with previous experiences to produce a motor response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integration of motor control processes through practice and experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Change in skilled motor behavior over time throughout the life span.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Groups of muscles that are recruited simultaneously by the central nervous system to provide movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specialized structures that respond to mechanical forces within tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers