14 Questions
What is a narrative?
A story or account consisting of different actions or events arranged chronologically
What is the purpose of the Orientation in a narrative?
To explain who, what, where, and when of the story
What is the Evaluation in a narrative?
Linguistic expressions of the speaker's opinion or stance
What is a Canonical narrative?
A narrative that conforms to generally accepted forms, rules, or procedures passed down through time
What is the Athabaskan language?
A language spoken by indigenous communities in Alaska and parts of Canada
What is a narrative as a performance?
In which social and cultural practices of the teller's and listener's community are (re)enacted
What are small stories?
Brief stories that are part of people's everyday, mundane interactions which often do not conform to canonical narrative structures
What are shared stories?
Stories consisting of chains of multiple small stories collaboratively authored by participants sometimes turn by turn
What is the primary view of humans in global capitalism?
As freely choosing customers whose happiness depends on acquiring goods
What is the main role of authoritative narrators in storytelling?
To construct narrative versions of events and evaluate others' stories
What is the purpose of framing in storytelling?
To emphasize a certain perspective on events over others
What do contextualization cues signal in a communication?
The context of the message
What is an example of a contextualization cue in written online interaction?
Emojis and typography
What is the purpose of contextualization cues in communication?
To signal how the message should be interpreted
Study Notes
Narrative Structure
- A narrative is a story or account consisting of different actions or events arranged chronologically
- It is a text type or genre with its own set of structural conventions and social purposes
- A narrative typically consists of:
- Abstract: a summary of what the story is about
- Orientation: explaining the who, what, where, and when of the story
- Complicating Action: details about what happened in the story to move the plot forward
- Evaluation: explaining the significance and/or implications of the actions in the story
- Result or Resolution: telling what finally happened at the end of the story
- Coda: a short statement summarizing the story and bringing the reader/listener back into the present situation
Types of Narratives
- Canonical narratives: conforming to generally accepted forms, rules, or procedures passed down through time
- Small stories: brief stories that are part of people's everyday, mundane interactions which often do not conform to canonical narrative structures
- Shared stories: consisting of chains of multiple small stories collaboratively authored by participants sometimes turn by turn
- Projections: where participants share future or hypothetical events
Narrative as a Performance
- Narrative as a performance: in which social and cultural practices of the teller's and listener's community are (re)enacted
- Talk-in-interaction: dynamic communicative events which involve both the teller and the listener(s)
Contextualization Cues
- Contextualization cues: linguistic or paralinguistic cues that signal what people take or intend as the context of a message
- Contextualization cues can be signals sent through:
- Words or style of language used
- Facial expression or tone of voice
- Emojis and typography (in written interaction online)
Other Key Concepts
- Authoritative narratives: those who have the right to tell stories and therefore construct narrative versions of events, and also acquire the right to evaluate and judge the stories of others
- Framing: the ways in which stories are selected, presented, and organized in order to emphasize a certain perspective on events over others
- Global capitalism: a system in which humans are seen chiefly as freely choosing customers whose happiness depends on them acquiring goods
This quiz covers the elements of narrative structure, including orientation, complicating action, and evaluation, and how they contribute to the overall plot of a story.
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