Questions and Answers
How did Napoleon lose his empire?
Napoleon chose to invade Russia, which was a bad decision. It was cold, and no supplies could be found. After the retreat, he lost over 80% of his men. He then regained power; but after a defeat by the British and Prussian army, he was forced into exile.
Who restored power after Napoleon's exile?
Louis XVIII
How did Napoleon's disaster in Russia affect both his Grand Army and the French nation?
This disaster significantly reduced the army's might as well as leaving the French nation weak and vulnerable to attack.
Why did the turmoil of the French revolutionary years result in a conservative European reaction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is Conservatism?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the Principle of Intervention?
Signup and view all the answers
Why did European leaders think it was important to apply conservatism at the Congress of Vienna?
Signup and view all the answers
What does 'Civil' refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
What is Liberalism?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a Constitution?
Signup and view all the answers
What happened to revolutionary ideas after the French Revolution was over?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Napoleon's Empire and Downfall
- Napoleon's decision to invade Russia led to disastrous consequences, losing over 80% of his Grand Army due to extreme cold and lack of supplies.
- After his exile, Napoleon briefly regained power but was ultimately defeated by British and Prussian forces, resulting in his exile once again.
Restoration of Monarchy
- After Napoleon's exile, Louis XVIII, the brother of Louis XVI, restored the monarchy in France.
Impact on French Army and Nation
- The failed Russian campaign greatly diminished the strength of the French military and left France vulnerable to external threats.
Conservative Reaction to Revolution
- The turmoil from the French Revolutionary years prompted European leaders to adopt conservative measures to counteract the revolutionary changes and stabilize their own nations.
Conservatism Defined
- Conservatism emphasizes tradition, social stability, and adherence to authority and organized religion.
Principle of Intervention
- The concept that great powers have the right to intervene in countries experiencing revolutions to restore legitimate governments.
Congress of Vienna and Conservatism
- European leaders at the Congress of Vienna prioritized conservatism to counteract the revolutionary influences that emerged from France.
Definition of Civil
- Civil pertains to the public sphere and affairs related to citizenship and civic engagement.
Liberalism Explained
- Liberalism is rooted in Enlightenment ideals, advocating for individual freedoms from government interference and the protection of civil liberties as fundamental rights.
Role of the Constitution
- Constitutions outline the foundational principles, governing powers, and responsibilities of the government while ensuring the rights of the people.
Spread of Revolutionary Ideas
- Post-French Revolution, revolutionary thoughts, particularly liberalism and nationalism, continued to proliferate across France and Europe, fostering ongoing political change.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the significant events leading to Napoleon's downfall and the restoration of power in France. This quiz covers key historical facts about his invasions, military losses, and the transition to Louis XVIII's rule. Dive into the complications that shaped European history during this tumultuous period.