NAPLEX Mnemonics Flashcards

Negative Chronotropes

• Key drugs include amiodarone, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and digoxin (ABCD).

B1 Selective Beta Blockers

• Memorization acronym: AMEBBBA.
• Includes atenolol, metoprolol, esmolol, bisoprolol, betaxolol, Bystolic, and acebutolol.

Beta Blockers in IV Form

• Recognized with the acronym "MAPLES".
• Medications are metoprolol, atenolol, propranolol, labetalol, esmolol, and sotalol.

Beta Blockers with Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity

• Include acebutolol, penbutolol, and pindolol (APP).

Renally Cleared Beta Blockers

• Significant drugs include bisoprolol, nadolol, atenolol, labetalol, and sotalol (BreNALS).

Common Side Effects of Beta Blockers

• Remember the acronym "BLOCKER":
  • Bradycardia/bronchospasm
  • Increased lipids/decreased libido
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Conduction abnormalities
  • Konstriction of peripheral vasculature
  • Exhaustion/emotional depression
  • Reduced recognition of hypoglycemia

Treatment Considerations for CHF

• Utilize the 4 D's: Diuretics, diet, digoxin (or inotropes), dilators.

Common Side Effects of ACE Inhibitors

• Remember "CAPTOPRIL":
  • Cough
  • Angioedema
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Taste change
  • Orthostasis
  • Risk in pregnancy
  • Rash
  • Increased potassium
  • Leukocytosis (specific to captopril)

Common Side Effects of Amiodarone

• Acronym "AMIODARONE":
  • Pulmonary toxicity/AV block
  • Iodine issues affecting TSH
  • Corneal micro-deposits
  • Drug interactions (LFT checks)
  • Photosensitivity
  • Non-PVC infusion requirements
  • Electrolyte imbalances

Medications Increasing Lipids

• Use acronym "PAS BLT":
  • Protease inhibitors, antipsychotics, SGLT-2, beta blockers, loop diuretics, thiazides.

Warfarin's Mechanism and Monitoring

• Blocks the extrinsic pathway, affecting factors 2, 7, 9, and 10.
• Measured by PT/INR (prothrombin time, international normalized ratio).

Warfarin Tablet Colors

• Mnemonic: "party like girls then bring peaches to your wedding":
  • 1 mg: pink
  • 2 mg: lavender
  • 2.5 mg: green
  • 3 mg: tan
  • 4 mg: blue
  • 5 mg: peach
  • 6 mg: teal/greenish-blue
  • 7.5 mg: yellow
  • 10 mg: white

Initial Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

• Treatment acronym: MONAA BAS (morphine, oxygen, nitrates, aspirin, antiplatelets, beta blocker, ACE inhibitor, statin).
• Avoid beta blockers in cocaine-induced myocardial infarction and NSAIDs due to CV risks.
• Discharge acronym: NAABAS.

Statin Dose Equivalents for Moderate LDL Reduction

• "Passionate Real Americans Simply Love Playing Football":
  • Pitavastatin = 2 mg, Rosuvastatin = 5 mg, Atorvastatin = 10 mg, Simvastatin = 20 mg, Lovastatin = 40 mg, Pravastatin = 40 mg, Fluvastatin = 80 mg.

Statins Administered at Night

• Remember "Simply Love F*cking" for drugs: Simvastatin, Lovastatin, Fluvastatin.

Major Side Effects/Cautions with Statins

• Use acronym "HMG-CoA":
  • Hepatotoxicity
  • Myopathy/memory loss
  • Category X in pregnancy; risk of increased glucose
  • Upper respiratory infections
  • Increased risk of cataracts
  • Ocular effects; alopecia.

Statins Metabolized by CYP3A4

• The three drugs are Atorvastatin, Simvastatin, and Lovastatin.
• Grapefruit juice is a major CYP3A4 inhibitor.

Statins Metabolized by CYP2C9

• Includes Rosuvastatin and Fluvastatin.

Generic Names for Vitamin B Complex

• Mnemonic: "The Rabbi Needs Prayer For Comfort":
  • Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin (B3), Pyridoxine (B6), Folic acid (B9), Cyanocobalamin (B12).

Common Causes of High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis

• Remember the acronym "MUDPILES":
  • Methanol, uremia, DKA, paraldehyde, iron/INH, lactic acidosis, ethylene glycol/EtOH, salicylate.

Primary Cause of Hyperthyroidism

• Graves Disease is the leading cause, noted with the phrase: "Graves caused Credence to go HYPERnova".