Nanotechnology Applications and Impacts

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Questions and Answers

What is one primary technique used for constructing nanoscale devices?

Chemosynthesis

Atomic layer epitaxy (correct)

Mechanical milling

Laser ablation

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of nanomaterials produced through advanced techniques?

Scratch-resistance

Increased weight (correct)

Water-repellence

Ultraviolet resistance

What potential future development in computers is suggested to result from nanotechnology?

Manual data retrieval

Greater energy consumption

Single chip memory storage (correct)

Larger physical size

Which product is mentioned as enabled by nanotechnology?

Baseball bats Signup and view all the answers

How does nanotechnology contribute to environmental sustainability according to Salamanca-Buentello et al.?

By accelerating sustainable development solutions Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential application of nanotechnology in the energy sector?

High-efficiency, low-cost batteries Signup and view all the answers

What capability do nanomaterials possess that makes them suitable for recognizing biological toxins?

Ultrasensitive recognition Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of constructing nanoscale devices on rolls of ultrathin materials?

Enhances scalability for high-volume production Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of nanotechnology?

It aims to create materials with specific properties Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a potential benefit of nanotechnology in the environment?

Improved detection and removal of contaminants Signup and view all the answers

Which country has a dedicated National Center for Nanoscience and Technology?

China Signup and view all the answers

What was the budget allocated for the U.S. federal nanotechnology R&D in 2008?

$1.4 billion Signup and view all the answers

Which concern related to nanotechnology's impact on health is mentioned?

It can cross cell membranes and translocate in the body Signup and view all the answers

Which application of nanotechnology is focused on improving food safety and agriculture?

Food and agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential economic impact of nanotechnology mentioned in the content?

Creation of new jobs Signup and view all the answers

Which country launched the European Nanoelectronics Initiative Advisory Council (ENIAC)?

European Commission Signup and view all the answers

What makes detecting nanotechnology challenging?

It requires specialized tools for detection Signup and view all the answers

What is a concern related to the environmental impact of nanotechnology?

It could have high reactivity and toxicity Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT listed as a possible application of nanotechnology in the Philippines?

Transport technology Signup and view all the answers

Which program is recognized as the most funded initiative for nanotechnology in the United States?

National Nanotechnology Initiative Signup and view all the answers

Which of these regions has a dedicated initiative for nanotechnology research?

Taiwan Signup and view all the answers

What regulatory gap exists concerning nanotechnology in cosmetics?

No specific regulatory framework for nanomaterials Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary goals of the nanotech roadmap for the Philippines?

To develop ICT and semiconductors Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) in the U.S.?

To promote nanotechnology research and development Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nanotechnology

Laying down one-atom-thick layers on a surface is a high-volume process for creating nanoscale devices on thin plastic or metal.
Nanomaterials have enhanced properties through nanotechnology, including durability, strength, lightness, water resistance, heat resistance, scratch resistance, electrical conductivity, anti-reflective, antifog, antimicrobial, self-cleaning, and more.
Nanotechnology is used in diverse products such as tennis rackets, baseball bats, crude oil purification catalysts, and for detecting biological and chemical toxins.
Nanotechnology has the potential to create computers with greater memory, speed & energy efficiency.
The entire memory of a computer could be stored on a single chip in the future.
Nanotechnology can develop high-efficiency, low-cost batteries and solar cells.

Benefits and Concerns

Nanotechnology has various applications in society and the environment.
Accelerating the use of nanotechnology to address sustainable development challenges was proposed as an initiative called "Addressing Global Challenges Using Nanotechnology".
Possible contributions of the community were suggested in a model to overcome challenges that risk people's health and other aspects of life.

Global Funding

The U.S. federal nanotechnology R&D budget was 1.4billionin2008and1.4 billion in 2008 and 1.4billionin2008and1.5 billion in 2009.
The European Commission officially launched the European Nanoelectronics Initiative Advisory Council (ENIAC) in February 2008.
Other countries with national nanotechnology initiatives include:
- Japan (Nanotechnology Research Institute, under the National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST)
- Taiwan (Taiwan National Science and Technology Program for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology)
- India (Nanotechnology Research and Education Foundation)
- China (National Center for Nanoscience and Technology)
- Israel (Israel National Nanotechnology Initiative)
- Australia (Australian Office of Nanotechnology)
- Canada (National Institute for Nanotechnology or NINT)
- South Korea (Korea National Nanotechnology Initiative)
- Thailand (National Nanotechnology Center or NANOTEC)
- Malaysia (National [Malaysia] Nanotechnology Initiatives of NNI)

Potential Philippine Applications

Areas of potential nanotechnology applications in the Philippines (Dayrit, 2005):
- ICT and semiconductors
- Health and medicine
- Energy
- Food and agriculture
- Environment

Nanotech Concerns

There are concerns regarding the use and promotion of nanotechnology-derived materials (Dayril, 2005).
- Nanotechnology is a diverse field with many applications.
- Nanotechnology aims to create new materials with specific properties.
- Nanotechnology could render some natural resources and practices uncompetitive or obsolete, leading to new efficiencies and paradigms.
- Detecting nanotechnology materials can be challenging without specialized tools.

Impact of Nanotechnology

Example areas affected by nanotechnology, possible benefits, and concerns:
- Environment:
  - Benefit: Improved contaminant detection and removal, development of environmentally-friendly industrial processes and materials.
  - Concern: High reactivity and toxicity, pervasive distribution in the environment, lack of specific EPA regulation.
- Health:
  - Benefit: Improved medicine.
  - Concern: Ability to cross cell membranes and translocate in the body, lack of FDA approval for cosmetics or supplements.
- Economy:
  - Benefit: Better products, new job creation.
  - Concern: Redistribution of wealth, potential costs of cleanups and healthcare, accessibility to all income levels.

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Explore the innovative world of nanotechnology and its diverse applications in various fields, from sports equipment to environmental solutions. Learn about the enhanced properties of nanomaterials and the potential future advancements in computing and energy. This quiz will challenge your understanding of both the benefits and concerns surrounding nanotechnology.