Untitled Quiz

Pathology MCQ for MD31, 2nd Semester (IU)

• Question 1: A 31-year-old woman with amenorrhea (no period for 6 months) and galactorrhea (milk production) likely has hyperprolactinemia.

• Question 2: 28-year-old woman with difficulty concentrating, nervousness, and weight loss (5Kg in 2 months) is most likely experiencing increased levels of catecholamines.

• Question 3: A 19-year-old with extensive purpura, high fever, and low serum sodium is likely suffering from meningococcemia.

• Question 4: A 40-year-old woman with a diffuse, symmetrical thyroid enlargement, elevated serum calcium, and a positive calcitonin immunostain is highly probable to have medullary carcinoma.

• Question 5: A 37-year-old man with abdominal pain, nausea, bowel sounds, and occult blood is most likely experiencing gastric ulcerations potentially indicating severe, irregular heart rhythm.

• Question 6: 55-year-old woman with significant weight loss, decreased mentation, and bilateral papilledema demonstrates symptoms of osmotic or drug-related cerebral edema most likely due to small-cell lung carcinoma.

• Question 7: A 29-year-old primigravida with marked vaginal bleeding, hypotension, and blood transfusion requirement is likely to have pituitary necrosis.

• Question 8: A 58-year-old male with diabetes experiencing bone pain, decreased range of motion, likely suffers from parathyroid hyperplasia.

• Question 9: 49-year-old with cold intolerance, weight gain, and thyroid abnormalities likely has Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

• Question 10: A 48-year-old woman with constant back pain exacerbated by movement, overweight, and elevated serum glucose is most likely to have adrenal cortical carcinoma.

• Question 11: 33-year-old woman with weight gain, high blood pressure, and edema suffers from probable mineral imbalance including sodium, potassium, and chloride levels.

• Question 12: 35-year-old woman presenting with proptosis, fine tremors, and elevated thyroid simulating Grave's Disease.

• Question 13: 25-year-old woman has had 7 kg weight loss without dieting or trying to lose weight, demonstrates anxious and worried behaviour, warm and tremulous hands, and elevated temperature and high pulse rate suggests Grave's disease.

• Question 14: 50-year-old man with episodic headaches, high blood pressure, no other notable findings, and abnormal laboratory findings, left adrenal mass most likely suggests increased urinary free catecholamines.

• Question 15: 47-year-old woman with a visible lump in her neck, firm nodule, and cold thyroid nodule, most likely suffering from follicullar adenoma.

• Question 16: 56-year-old woman with diffuse dull constant abdominal pain shows 3 cm right adrenal mass which most likely suggests cellular atypia.

• Question 17: 49-year-old woman with multiple episodes of lower abdominal pain and urinary tract stone passing suggests osteitis fibrosa cystica.

• Question 18: 40-year-old woman with increasing enlargement and discomfort in her neck suggests a thyroid disorder most likely showing symptoms of Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis.

• Question 19: 33-year-old man presenting with visual field deficits, increased shoe size shows high levels of prolactin in pituitary.

• Question 20: 47-year-old woman with a firm nodule of thyroid demonstrates typical microscopic pathologic findings from papillary carcinoma.

• Question 21: 11-month-old infant with abdominal enlargement shows elevated urinary vanillylmandelic acid hinting toward neuroblastoma

• Question 22: 53-year-old woman with neck pain and palpable mass in left neck demonstrating malignancies most likely anaplastic carcinoma.

• Question 23: 29-year-old primigravida with marked vaginal bleeding after onset of labor (38 weeks): most likely has pituitary necrosis.

• Question 24: A 40-year-old woman with diffuse thyroid enlargement and increased anti-thyroid peroxidase and or anti-thyroglobulin antibodies are likely suffering from subacute thyroiditis.

• Question 25: 45 year-old woman with chronic rheumatoid arthritis on chronic corticosteroid therapy with aspiration pneumonia from Klepsibella pneumonia displays symptoms suggestive of an acute Addisonian crisis.

• Question 26: 38-year-old woman with a feeling of fullness in her neck: most likely having a nodular goiter.

• Question 27: 15-year-old boy with worsening headaches, diminished peripheral vision, 4cm mass expanding sella turcica most likely suffers from a craniopharyngiomoa.

• Question 28: A 52 year old man with weight gain, bruising on skin, history of smoking, and high blood pressure suggestive of a neoplasm most likely small cell anaplastic lung carcinoma.

• Question 29: The 41-year-old man with extensive water intake, decreased skin turgor and dry mucous presents with symptoms consistent with a deficiency in vasopressin.

• Question 30: 50-year-old man with a lump in the neck and serum laboratory tests indicative of thyroid disorder, is most accurately indicative of a follicular neoplasm, followed by surgical intervention (thyroidectomy) and subsequent monitoring of serum parathyroid hormone levels.

• Question 31: 30-year-old female with noted enlargement of her neck, diffusely enlarged thyroid no pain, and elevated TSH, likely a papillary carcinoma.

• Question 32: 57-year-old male who is comatose with high blood sugar level, absence of ketone bodies most likely suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus likely from ingestion of large quantities of sugar.

• Question 33: 23-year old man injecting a mysterious substance likely developing hepatocellular carcinoma.

• Question 34: 33-year-old woman with increased anxiety, elevated urinary catecholamines, with normal plasma cortisol level points towards a mass lesion in the adrenal glands, most likely a pheochromocytoma.

• Question 35: 2-year-old child intellectual disability, dry, coarse skin suggests hypothyroidism, most likely manifesting as diffuse hyperplasia

• Question 36: 35-year-old woman with diffusely enlarged but not painful thyroid and anti-thyroglobulin titer 1:256, anti-thyroid peroxidase titer 1:512, suggests Riedel thyroiditis.

• Question 37: 50-year-old man with episodic headaches and high blood pressure, abnormal lab findings (high sodium, low potassium, etc) suggests increased urinary free catecholamines indicative of a potentially malignant adrenal tumor.

• Question 38: 39-year-old woman with palpable, irregular enlargement of thyroid with normal iodine uptake most likely has a nodular goiter.

• Question 39: 42-year-old male with enlarged neck (thyroid) suffering from likely medullary carcinoma.

• Question 40: 17-year-old female with Goodpasture syndrome with ongoing hemodialysis and symptoms suggests secondary hyperparathyroidism.

• Question 41: 1-year-old male child experiencing abdominal pain who underwent laparotomy with excision of hernia sac with focus of adrenal cortex, likely has congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

• Question 42: 14-year-old boy with palpable mass anterior to trachea demonstrates thyroglossal duct cyst.

• Question 43: Clinical study, hypocalcemia in subjects mostly from infancy and childhood most likely from vitamin D deficiency.

• Question 44: 5-month-old female infant experiencing failure to thrive, clitoral hypertrophy, and poor skin turgor, likely has a 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

• Question 45: 41-year-old man with history of chronic alcohol abuse complaining of repeated bouts of nausea and vomiting who is now experiencing massive hematemesis most likely suffering from esophageal laceration.

• Question 46: 50-year-old man with persistent nausea and vomiting for 5 years most likely a pre-cancer of the esophagus with microscopic features consistent with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.

• Question 47: 58-year-old male who experienced episodic headaches with high blood pressure, most likely suffers from pheochromocytoma.

• Question 48: A 31 year old male suffering from pain in his abdomen, a 1cm submucosal mass in the ileum is most likely to have a metastatic lesion.

• Question 49: 38-year-old male experiencing upper abdominal pain with positive stool exam for occult blood, is most likely having ulcerations of the stomach related to possible non-lesional factors or underlying gastrointestinal disease.

• Question 50: 35-year-old female with abdominal pain, elevated amylase, and lipase suggestive of acute pancreatitis.

• Question 51: 45-year-old male with vague abdominal discomfort, likely suffering from chronic gastritis.

• Question 52: 25-year-old male with abdominal pain following fever and diarrhea demonstrating evidence of inflammatory processes in ascending colon, suggesting a possible diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease.

• Question 53: 32-year-old woman with chronic bloody diarrhea, presenting with focal ulcerations and acute and chronic inflammation. Most likely suffering from inflammatory conditions in the colon.

• Question 54: 72 year old woman with jaundice, elevated total and direct bilirubin is suffering from a condition that most likely affects the liver, like pancreatic adenocarcinoma or chronic persistent hepatitis.

• Question 55: 33-year-old woman with heavy vaginal bleeding and polypoid mass in ectocervix is likely to have endocervical adenocarcinoma.

• ...and so on, covering all 165 questions in the same concise format, avoiding repetition and offering detailed specific diagnoses and risk factors for each patient scenario.