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Untitled Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What do catabolic pathways primarily funnel into cellular respiration?

  • Electrons from various organic molecules (correct)
  • Proteins
  • Amino acids
  • Fatty acids

    • What is a consequence of elevated ADP levels in energy-consuming processes?

  • Increase in ATP production to match consumption (correct)
  • Accumulation of NADH and FADH2
  • Inhibition of glycolysis
  • Decrease in ATP production

    • How are fatty acids processed to contribute to energy production?

  • Converted directly into amino acids
  • Directly converted into ATP
  • Digested and used as glucose
  • Broken down by beta oxidation to yield acetyl CoA (correct)

    • What happens when ADP and phosphate levels are low?

    <p>Oxidation of NADH and FADH2 by the electron transport chain stops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of glycolysis in metabolism?

    <p>To accept and metabolize a range of carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does low oxygen levels have on the electron transport process?

    <p>It inhibits the electron transport process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is allosterically inhibited by NADH during the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Isocitrate dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of acetyl-CoA accumulation on the pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme?

    <p>Inhibition of the enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the availability of substrates affect the citric acid cycle?

    <p>The cycle is regulated by the availability of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor primarily influences the regulation of the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Availability of oxygen and energy state of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What inhibits Citrate Synthase?

    <p>NADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced alongside α-ketoglutarate in the oxidation of Isocitrate?

    <p>NADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate to citrate?

    <p>Citrate Synthase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step of the cycle is one of the rate-limiting steps?

    <p>Oxidation of Isocitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a product of the cleavage of Succinyl-CoA?

    <p>Succinate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activates Isocitrate Dehydrogenase?

    <p>ADP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Oxidation of Acetyl-CoA to CO2 and H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the oxidative decarboxylation of α-ketoglutarate?

    <p>Formation of Succinyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced in one turn of the citric acid cycle?

    <p>1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound limits the activity of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase under high energy conditions?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the citric acid cycle occur within the cell?

    <p>Mitochondrial matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must occur before the citric acid cycle can begin?

    <p>Conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme complex converts pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA?

    <p>Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant characteristic of the reaction converting pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA?

    <p>Irreversible process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to Acetyl-CoA once it accumulates in the cell?

    <p>Inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does gluconeogenesis relate to Acetyl-CoA?

    <p>Acetyl-CoA precludes glucose formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is succinyl-CoA formed from?

    <p>Fatty acids with odd number of carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when succinate is oxidized?

    <p>Fumarate and FADH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of fumarate to L-Malate?

    <p>Fumarate Hydratase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the oxidation of one NADH by the electron transport chain yield?

    <p>3 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is directly involved in the regeneration of GTP from GDP and Pi?

    <p>Pi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prime control of the citric acid cycle?

    <p>NAD+ availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many pairs of electrons are transferred during one turn of the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Four pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the electron transport chain play in relation to the citric acid cycle?

    <p>It controls NADH and NAD+ levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

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