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Questions and Answers
Digital technology includes computers, mobile phones, and ______.
the Internet
Binary representation uses two symbols: ______ and 1.
0
A collection of related instructions organized for a common purpose is referred to as ______.
software
Data is a collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and ______.
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The computer processes data into ______.
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A computer's ______ includes input devices, output devices, a system unit, storage devices, and communications devices.
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The ______ is the electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer.
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An input device is any hardware component that allows you to enter data and ______ into a computer.
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A ______ device is any hardware component that conveys information to one or more people.
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A communications device enables a computer to send and ______ data, instructions, and information.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Digital Technology
- Digital technology includes electronic tools and systems for generating, storing, or processing data, encompassing computers, mobile phones, the internet, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence.
Digital Data Representation
- Digital data representation utilizes methods like binary representation, number systems, character encoding, and data structure.
- Binary Representation: Uses two symbols (0 and 1) to express data; a sequence of bits can represent complex information (e.g., 1010 in binary equals 10 in decimal).
- Number Systems:
- Decimal (Base 10): Common human use.
- Binary (Base 2): Basis of digital systems.
- Octal (Base 8): A compact binary form.
- Hexadecimal (Base 16): Efficient binary representation.
Computer Functionality
- A computer processes data by executing stored instructions, producing output, and storing it for future retrieval, effectively converting raw data into useful information (e.g., a cash register receipt reflects processed data).
Information Processing Cycle
- The cycle includes input, processing, output, and storage, highlighting the flow of data during computations.
- Software is a collection of related instructions guiding the computer in task execution.
- Communications have recently become vital within this cycle.
Components of a Computer
- Computers consist of various hardware components divided into categories:
- Input Devices: Include keyboards, mice, microphones, scanners, and webcams for data entry.
- Output Devices: Convey information to users.
- System Unit: Houses electronic components including the motherboard, CPU, and memory where data processing occurs.
- CPU interprets and executes instructions.
- Memory stores instructions and data temporarily.
- Storage Devices: Retain data, instructions, and information for future access (e.g., USB flash drives, hard disks).
- Communications Devices: Enable data transmission via modems over various media.
Advantages of Using Computers
- Benefits encompass speed, reliability, consistency, storage capacity, and communication capabilities:
- Speed: Computers process vast amounts of data in seconds.
- Reliability: Modern electronic components are dependable.
- Consistency: Produce identical results for identical inputs.
- Storage: Capable of retaining massive data volumes.
- Communication: Facilitate user interaction across various platforms.
Disadvantages of Using Computers
- Privacy violations, public safety issues, labor force impacts, health risks, and environmental concerns arise from computer use:
- Privacy Violations: Potential for identity theft due to unprotected records.
- Public Safety: Risks associated with sharing personal information online.
- Labor Force Impact: Job displacement and the need for skill updates as automation replaces tasks.
- Health Risks: Prolonged usage can cause injuries and disorders; addiction and technology overload can also occur.
- Environmental Impact: Manufacturing and e-waste contribute to pollution and resource depletion; green computing promotes reduced energy use and resource conservation.
Green Computing
- Strategies include recycling, regulating manufacturing, extending computer lifespans, and proper disposal to mitigate environmental impacts related to computing.
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