Respiratory System Anatomy Lecture

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Questions and Answers

What encloses the left and right pleural cavities, each surrounding a lung?

  • Mediastinum
  • Vertebrae
  • Sternum
  • Thoracic wall (correct)

Which structure contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, major nerves, and major systemic blood vessels?

  • Mediastinum (correct)
  • Diaphragm
  • Left pleural cavity
  • Right pleural cavity

What is the structure that closes the inferior thoracic aperture?

  • Diaphragm (correct)
  • Sternum
  • Thoracic vertebrae
  • Mediastinum

Which part of thorax is flexible and consists of segmentally arranged vertebrae, ribs, muscles, and sternum?

<p>Thoracic wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the thorax can extend above the level of rib 1?

<p>Pleural cavities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ribs are considered floating ribs?

<p>11th and 12th (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure forms the sternal angle, a major surface landmark used in physical examinations of the thorax?

<p>Manubrium of sternum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vertebrae does the head of each rib articulate with?

<p>Body of its own vertebra and body of vertebra above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate horizontal plane for the superior margin of manubrium?

<p>Same as IVD between T2 &amp; T3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forms the skeletal elements of the inferior thoracic aperture?

<p>Body of vertebra T12 posteriorly, 12th rib &amp; distal end of 11th rib posterolaterally, xiphoid process anteriorly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue lines the nasal cavities?

<p>Pseudostratified columnar epithelium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the conchae in the nasal cavities?

<p>To increase the surface area of the nasal mucosa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the hairs just inside the nostrils?

<p>To help block the entry of dust into the respiratory system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure separates the 2 nasal cavities within the skull?

<p>Nasal septum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the nose, which air enters and leaves the respiratory system through?

<p>Bone and cartilage covered with skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the mucus produced in the sinuses drain into?

<p>Nasal cavities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the paranasal sinuses?

<p>To lighten the skull (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the eustachian tubes?

<p>To allow the eardrums to vibrate properly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the palatine tonsils in the oropharynx?

<p>To form a ring of lymphatic tissue around the pharynx (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prevents collapse of the larynx and maintains open air passages?

<p>Cartilage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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