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Questions and Answers
What was the primary role of Theseus in the context of his heroic cycle?
What was the primary role of Theseus in the context of his heroic cycle?
Which character assists Theseus with a thread to navigate the labyrinth?
Which character assists Theseus with a thread to navigate the labyrinth?
How does Theseus's story end in relation to his father Aegeus?
How does Theseus's story end in relation to his father Aegeus?
What significant creature does Theseus confront in his heroic cycle?
What significant creature does Theseus confront in his heroic cycle?
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What did the Minotaur symbolize in Theseus's story?
What did the Minotaur symbolize in Theseus's story?
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What happens to Ariadne after Theseus leaves her on Naxos?
What happens to Ariadne after Theseus leaves her on Naxos?
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What does the recurring theme of the 'betraying daughter' in the myth illustrate?
What does the recurring theme of the 'betraying daughter' in the myth illustrate?
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Which historical figure is mentioned as having a political connection to the figure of Theseus?
Which historical figure is mentioned as having a political connection to the figure of Theseus?
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What was the initial attitude towards Theseus after the establishment of democracy in Athens?
What was the initial attitude towards Theseus after the establishment of democracy in Athens?
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How did the ancient Greeks view the forces governing their lives?
How did the ancient Greeks view the forces governing their lives?
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Which term refers to the Greek perspective that all matter is alive?
Which term refers to the Greek perspective that all matter is alive?
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What does the term 'ta theia' refer to in Greek culture?
What does the term 'ta theia' refer to in Greek culture?
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How did Greek religion conceptually differ from monotheism?
How did Greek religion conceptually differ from monotheism?
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What does anthropomorphism in Greek religion signify?
What does anthropomorphism in Greek religion signify?
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What is one of the three key aspects that constitute a god in the Greek world?
What is one of the three key aspects that constitute a god in the Greek world?
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What underlying belief is reflected in Thales' idea that 'All things are filled with gods'?
What underlying belief is reflected in Thales' idea that 'All things are filled with gods'?
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What defines the immortality of the gods in Greek religion?
What defines the immortality of the gods in Greek religion?
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What aspect of Greek gods reflects their anthropomorphic nature?
What aspect of Greek gods reflects their anthropomorphic nature?
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Which factor does NOT play a role in constituting the distinctive character of a Greek god?
Which factor does NOT play a role in constituting the distinctive character of a Greek god?
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How do the names of Greek gods differ from those of human characters in the context of meaning?
How do the names of Greek gods differ from those of human characters in the context of meaning?
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What distinguishes the local cult of a Greek god?
What distinguishes the local cult of a Greek god?
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How do gods in the Iliad and Odyssey compare to those in actual cult worship?
How do gods in the Iliad and Odyssey compare to those in actual cult worship?
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What is the primary belief related to the power of the Greek gods?
What is the primary belief related to the power of the Greek gods?
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What is the significance of the name 'Patroclus' in Greek culture?
What is the significance of the name 'Patroclus' in Greek culture?
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What aspect of Greek religion does iconography help to convey?
What aspect of Greek religion does iconography help to convey?
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How did the Greeks incorporate foreign influence into their religious practices?
How did the Greeks incorporate foreign influence into their religious practices?
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Which of the following characters in Greek mythology does NOT represent a generation of gods?
Which of the following characters in Greek mythology does NOT represent a generation of gods?
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What does local cult refer to in the context of ancient Greece?
What does local cult refer to in the context of ancient Greece?
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In Hesiod's Theogony, how does Cronus ascend to power?
In Hesiod's Theogony, how does Cronus ascend to power?
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What is a key characteristic of the myths associated with Greek gods?
What is a key characteristic of the myths associated with Greek gods?
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What representation is associated with the god Zeus in Greek iconography?
What representation is associated with the god Zeus in Greek iconography?
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What does the use of lions in the Iliad primarily symbolize?
What does the use of lions in the Iliad primarily symbolize?
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What was the primary language used by the chorus in Greek tragedies?
What was the primary language used by the chorus in Greek tragedies?
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What dramatic technique involves actors speaking in a dialogue with the same number of lines?
What dramatic technique involves actors speaking in a dialogue with the same number of lines?
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How many actors were typically allowed in Greek tragedies during the early period?
How many actors were typically allowed in Greek tragedies during the early period?
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What was the typical length of a Greek tragedy as measured in lines?
What was the typical length of a Greek tragedy as measured in lines?
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Which of the following influences predominantly drew from traditional mythology and epic narratives to shape Greek tragedy?
Which of the following influences predominantly drew from traditional mythology and epic narratives to shape Greek tragedy?
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What is the unique aspect of Hades among the Olympians?
What is the unique aspect of Hades among the Olympians?
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Which goddess has two prominent birth myths?
Which goddess has two prominent birth myths?
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What significant change occurred regarding the Olympian deities?
What significant change occurred regarding the Olympian deities?
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How does the Iliad depict Hera's character?
How does the Iliad depict Hera's character?
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What was the primary setting for Greek drama?
What was the primary setting for Greek drama?
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What differentiates Greek theatres from modern theatre?
What differentiates Greek theatres from modern theatre?
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What aspect of Dionysus's iconography suggests a foreign influence?
What aspect of Dionysus's iconography suggests a foreign influence?
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What role do the gods currently hold in the narrative described?
What role do the gods currently hold in the narrative described?
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Study Notes
Monolithic Theories of Myth
- Freud later revisited the Oedipus myth, suggesting it preserves memories of primal events in a primitive horde.
- Jung's theory proposes universal archetypes recurring in myths across cultures.
- Critics of this view suggest that reducing all myths to the same thing diminishes their unique impact and importance.
Ritual Theory of Myth
- Burkert's work revitalized the connection between myth and ritual in the 1970s.
- Greek rituals ("ta dromena") are linked to narrative structures.
- The concept of "religion" doesn't have a direct translation in ancient Greek, "ta dromena" (the actions) can be used to describe both rituals and stories/myths.
Theseus and the Minotaur
- Theseus, a Greek hero, was adopted by Athens.
- His myth incorporates a "hero killing monster" trope.
- Greek myths were flexible; versions adapted over time. Myth-telling reflects the environment.
- Theseus's heroic cycle shaped Athenian identity.
Greek Religion
- Religion permeated daily life, intertwined with beliefs and feelings.
- Greeks used terms like "theia" (things connected with the gods) and "eusebeia" (respect for the gods) to describe religion.
- The world was considered purposeful and infused with divine forces.
- Hylozoism: Greek belief that matter is alive and contains divine powers.
What is a Greek God?
- Olympian gods are often depicted as human-like beings (anthropomorphic).
- Immortality is a defining characteristic of a god in Greek thought.
- Gods have specific domains of power and influence.
- Gods are connected to specific cults and iconography, further emphasizing their role in the world.
Greek Drama
- Greek theatre evolved from simpler choral performances to a more complex theatrical format.
- Greek theatre was performed outdoors during the day.
- Theatres were flexible structures, built incrementally.
- Sophocles, Aeschylus, and Euripides were important playwrights.
- Tragedy involved specific structures and elements (e.g. chorus, masks, limited number of actors).
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Description
Explore the interplay between mythology and ritual within Greek mythology, focusing on the monolithic theories of myth, the vital connection of myth to ritual as revived by Burkert, and the story of Theseus and the Minotaur. Understand how these narratives shaped cultural identities and reflected societal values in ancient Greece.
