Mycology Lecture 1: Fungi Classification & Properties

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What is the characteristic of fungi that distinguishes them from other organisms?

Their ability to photosynthesize

Their ability to capture prey

Their ability to be obligatory aerobes (correct)

Their ability to produce chlorophyll

What is the term for the tangled mass of hyphae?

Yeast

Mycelium (correct)

Hypha

Fungal network

What is the primary function of haustoria in fungi?

To parasitize plants and animals (correct)

To facilitate reproduction

To produce spores

To absorb nutrients from the environment

What is the characteristic of septate hyphae?

They have pores that allow the migration of cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes mold from yeast?

The presence of hyphae Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the classification of fungi based on cell morphology?

Morphological classification Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the simplest type of fungus?

Unicellular budding yeast Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the elongation of the apical cell that produces a tubular, thread-like structure?

Hypha Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of aseptate hyphae?

They have no physical boundaries to distinguish individual cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the vegetative part of a fungus, consisting of a network of fine white filaments?

Mycelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of reproduction in fungi?

Asexual reproduction Signup and view all the answers

When do fungi reproduce sexually?

When conditions are poor and nutrients are scarce Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sporulation in fungi?

To spread and establish colonies in new sites Signup and view all the answers

What type of fungi is capable of sexual reproduction?

Perfect fungi Signup and view all the answers

What are fungal spores characterized as?

Metabolically dormant Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of asexual spores in human disease?

They are primarily responsible for initiating human infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of making spores?

Sporulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of asexual reproduction in fungi?

It produces genetically identical organisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for fungi that lack sexual reproduction?

Imperfect fungi Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of air and water in fungal reproduction?

They disperse fungal spores to new sites Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the state of perfect fungi?

Teleomorph state Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of dermatophytid reaction in the course of dermatophytosis?

Vesicles anywhere on the body, most often on the hand Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Wood's light in the diagnosis of dermatophytosis?

To visualize the fluorescence of infected hairs Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of ectothrix in the diagnosis of dermatophytosis?

It is a characteristic of microsporum species infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of incubating the specimen on Sabouraud's agar in the diagnosis of dermatophytosis?

To identify the species of fungus based on colonial morphology Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of trichophytid reaction in the course of dermatophytosis?

Vesicles anywhere on the body, most often on the hand Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of branching hyphae in the diagnosis of dermatophytosis?

It is a characteristic of fungal infection in general Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of examining the specimen under a microscope in the diagnosis of dermatophytosis?

To examine the morphology of microconidia and macroconidia Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of KOH in the diagnosis of dermatophytosis?

It is used to clear the specimen and facilitate microscopic examination Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Tinea cruris?

Dry scaly lesions on the groin area Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Tinea manus?

Dry scaly lesions on the hands Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of entry of fungi into the human body?

Through the lungs or paranasal sinuses Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for fungal infections that affect multiple organs and can lead to death?

Systemic mycoses Signup and view all the answers

Which type of systemic mycoses is caused by primary pathogens?

Primary pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum?

Histoplasmosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Histoplasma capsulatum colonies?

Dimorphic Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of infection for Histoplasma capsulatum?

Lungs Signup and view all the answers

What is the common symptom of histoplasmosis?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for histoplasmosis?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fungal infection is characterized by the growth of fungi in moist soil high in nitrogen content?

Histoplasmosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the distribution of Histoplasma capsulatum?

Eastern and central regions of the US Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary route of infection for Mucor mycosis?

Inhalation Signup and view all the answers

What is the mortality rate for Mucor mycosis?

50-80% Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of Mucor mycosis that has the highest frequency and mortality?

Rhino-cerebral Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for Mucor mycosis?

Diabetes Mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Mucor mycosis that distinguishes it from Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis?

Indistinguishable Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of deferoxamine injection?

To remove excess iron from the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the common route of transmission for the fungal infection?

Inhalation of spores Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom of the fungal infection?

Abdominal pain and bowel obstruction Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the antifungal medication used to treat the fungal infection?

Amphotericin B Signup and view all the answers

What is the prognosis for patients with the fungal infection?

Poor, with a high mortality rate Signup and view all the answers