Mutations and Mobile Genetic Elements
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Questions and Answers

Which process involves the uptake of naked foreign DNA from the environment by a bacterial cell?

  • Mutation
  • Conjugation
  • Transduction
  • Transformation (correct)
  • What is a rare event that can occur when two different strains of bacteria are mixed together?

  • Mutation
  • Recombination to show characteristics of both strains (correct)
  • Conjugation
  • Production of a bacteriophage
  • Which process involves the direct transfer of genetic material between two joined bacterial cells?

  • Substitution
  • Missense
  • Conjugation (correct)
  • Insertion
  • What type of DNA can a bacteriophage contain when it infects a bacterial cell?

    <p>Only bacterial DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is mediated by bacteriophages (phages/bacterial viruses)?

    <p>Transduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In gene transfer, what type of elements involve deletions and insertions in the genome?

    <p>Transposons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mutation affects a single codon or amino acid?

    <p>Missense mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mutation type may cause a frame shift and render the protein non-functional?

    <p>Insertions and deletions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in a silent mutation?

    <p>No change in the amino acid sequence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do insertions and deletions typically affect proteins?

    <p>Cause frame shifts and potential non-functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of mutations, what is a missense mutation?

    <p>Changes the structure and function of the protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate spontaneous mutation rate during DNA replication in E. coli?

    <p>1 mutation per 10 million divisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given that E. coli reproduces at a rate of approximately 2 x 10^10 new cells per day, how many new mutations would be expected per day?

    <p>2000 mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to the significant impact of new mutations on genetic diversity in bacteria?

    <p>High bacterial proliferation rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of mutations in bacteria?

    <p>Both mistakes during DNA replication and environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about codon redundancy is true?

    <p>It means that not all nucleotide substitutions result in changes to the amino acid sequence of a protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of mobile genetic element mentioned in the text?

    <p>Recombination</p> Signup and view all the answers

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